Cell components

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Cell Wall
Rigid, protective structure Has openings and does NOT control what enters and leaves the cell. Made of cellulose (fiber) on plant

Cell Membrane

Boundary of the cell, Made of a phospholipid bilayer Is semi-permeable Contain of 50% lipids and 50% proteins
They function is the transport of substances into and out of protoplasma, and protective covering around the cell

Mosaic membran
Plasma membran fluid, because hydrophobic integral components (lipid n protein), that move laterally or sideway throughout membran. That means that membran is not solid, more like fluid Membran is depicted as mosaic because like mosaic that is made up of many different parts the plasma membrane is composed of macromolecules (such as integral proteins, peripheral proteins, glycoproteins, phospolipids, glycolipid, and in some cases cholesterol, lipoprotein.

Nucleus

Contains DNA Surrounded by a double membrane Nuclear Membrane: surrounds the nucleus Nucleolus: dark spot that makes ribosomes DNA: Genetic Material Chromatin: Spread out DNA & protein Chromosomes: Organized DNA/Protein

Cytoplasma

The most of cell activity, such as metabolism, movement and biosynthesize happen in cytoplasm.

Golgi Apparatus
Molecules are by vesicles sacs The Golgi is a center of sorting, and shipping, Stores, modifies and packages proteins specialized for secretion.

How the process?

Endoplasmic Reticulum
Connected to the nuclear membrane Transports materials (ex: RNA amino acid sequences) around the cell Rough ER: studded with ribosomes; it makes proteins Smooth ER: no ribosomes; it makes lipids

Ribosome

Site of protein synthesis Found attached to rough ER or floating free in cytoplasm Produced in a part of the nucleus called the nucleolus

 Garbage disposal of the cell Contain digestive enzymes that break down wastes Analogy:The digestive system
Which organelles do lysosomes work with?

Lysosomes

Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell Cellular respiration (Breaking sugar into H20 and CO2) occurs here to release energy for the cell to use Bound by a double membrane

 Found only in plant cells Contains the green pigment chlorophyll for photosynthesis Site of food (glucose) (sugar) production Bound by a double membrane

Chloroplast

Im greendo I have chloroplasts?

Leucoplasts
Colorless plastid that makes starch in plant cells

Vacuoles Large central vacuole usually storage in plant cells cupboard of Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells cell
Storage container for water, food, enzymes, wastes, pigments, etc.

Centriole
Aids in cell division Usually found only in animal cells Made of microtubules Help during cell reproduction. Ex: Mitosis

Where else have we talked about microtubules?

Microtubules
Hollow tubes that help the cell with many functions like moving around organelles. Like animal legs!

Cytoskeleton
Acts as skeleton and muscle Provides shape and structure Helps move organelles around the cell Made of three types of filaments

Microfilaments
Found in the cytoplasm Form the cytoskeleton, the internal frame of the cell

Like my internal skeleton

Flagella
Located outside of cell Long, tail-like structure that moves the cell

Cilia
Located outside of cell Many tiny bristle-like structures that move the cell Ex. Paramecium cilia

Whats the Difference?

So what are three things that Plant cells have that Animal cells dont?

Plant cell
Size Shape Cell wall larger Rectangular only in plant cell, rigid, and give shape in plant cell

Animal cell
Smaller than plant cell Circular, Irregular Absent

Plasma membrane
Chloroplast Is the place of chlorophyll (is Absent the pigment that traps suns energy which utilized by plants to make food through the process of photosynthesis A single centrally located vacuole, it takes up almost 90% of the cell volume

Vacuoles

Plant cell Centrosome Plastids Mitochondria Lysosomes Cilia Amino acid Cell division Take place by the formation of cell plate in the center of the dividing cell

Animal cell

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