Presented by:Shashank Kushwaha EC 4th year Univ. Roll No.

- 1014131059

September 4, 2013

INDUSTRIAL INTERACTION PRESENTAION ON

OVERVIEW
ULTRASONIC SENSOR FUEL QUANTITY GAUGING GROUND REFUELING PANNEL FLIGHT DATA RECORDER IDENTIFICATION FRIEND OR FOE
September 4, 2013 Industrial Interaction on HAL

ULTRASONIC SENSOR
September 4, 2013 Industrial Interaction on HAL

Ultrasonic Sensors are used to effectively sense the level of fuel in a tank by sensing the distance of the sensor head from the fuel level. The sensor unit consists of an ultrasonic transducer and a microprocessor which carries out the signal processing and converts the transducer output to an analog voltage. The output varies linearly to the target distance. The ultrasonic transducer is used for both transmitting and receiving.

ULTRASONIC SENSOR
September 4, 2013 Industrial Interaction on HAL

Ultrasonic signals are transmitted from the transducer and the pulses are reflected back from the fuel surface, received and decoded by the sensor. By measuring the elapsed time from the acoustic signal the fuel level is determined. Systems typically use a transducer which generates sound waves in the ultrasonic range, above 18,000 hertz, by turning electrical energy into sound, then upon receiving the echo turn the sound waves into electrical energy which can be measured and displayed.

FUEL QUANTITY GAUGING

September 4, 2013 Industrial Interaction on HAL

Computes the quantity of fuel left in service tank. It is an electronic system based on the principle of variation of capacitance with change in dielectric medium. It consists of uniform cylindrical shaped capacitor with the fuel acting as the dielectric.

FUEL QUANTITY GAUGING

September 4, 2013 Industrial Interaction on HAL

As the fuel gets consumed , the fuel is replaced by air as dielectric and there is a change in capacitance. So, the remaining fuel in the service tank can be calculated on the basis of variation in capacitance. Fuel quantity gauge is of utmost importance when Only service tank is left with fuel. Flow metering system fails.

FUEL QUANTITY GAUGING

September 4, 2013 Industrial Interaction on HAL

The system comprises of A capacitance based gauging probe. Cable assembly. Sensing amplifier box. The gauging probe assembly in the fuel tank is connected to the sensing box by means of cable assembly. Depending on the fuel level in the tank , the capacitance formed is sensed and amplified by the amplifier box and the data is sent to the electronic display in the cockpit.

GROUND REFUELING PANNEL (GRP)

September 4, 2013 Industrial Interaction on HAL

Ground Refueling Panel (GRP) is designed to control the Refueling/ Defueling and monitoring the fuel status of the Fuselage tank, LH wing tank, RH wing tank, LH drop tank and RH drop tank on the ground of HJT36. Fuselage and Wing Tanks are mounted with a fuel sensing probe for gauging along with level switches which provides Low Level (L/L) and High Level (H/L) signals depending upon the fuel quantity available in the tank. Signals received from all the level switches mounted on the probes and the level switches mounted in the drop tanks are fed to respective logic circuit. The outputs of logic circuits are displayed by LEDs which indicate the fuel level of individual tank.

STATUS
Empty Not full Full -

LED
YELLOW RED GREEN

Industrial Interaction on HAL

September 4, 2013

FLIGHT DATA RECORDER

September 4, 2013

A flight data recorder (FDR) (also ADR, for accident data recorder) is an electronic device employed to record any instructions sent to any electronic systems on an aircraft. It is a device used to record specific aircraft performance parameters. Another kind of flight recorder is the cockpit voice recorder (CVR), which records conversation in the cockpit, radio communications between the cockpit crew and others (including conversation with air traffic control personnel), as well as ambient sounds. Both of these functions have been combined into a single unit, popularly referred to as a BLACK BOX.

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PARAMETERS OF FDR
System records automatically 6 continuously changing parameters which are:
September 4, 2013

1) Altitude 2) Engine speed 3) Aircraft speed 4) Vertical acceleration 5) Horizontal acceleration 6) Turn Anal of stabilizer

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IDENTIFICATION FRIEND OR FOE (IFF)

September 4, 2013

IFF is an electronic system which can determine the intent of an aircraft with the speed of the fastest computer. A related system is used for air traffic control at civilian airports. Modern IFF is a two-channel system, with one frequency (1030 megahertz) used for the interrogating signals and another (1090 megahertz) for the reply.

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MODES OF IFF
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Mode 1 provides 2-digit octal mission code. (military only can be changed in flight) Mode 2 provides 4-digit octal unit code. (military only can't be changed in flight)

Mode 3/A provides a 4-digit octal identification code for the aircraft, assigned by the air traffic controller. (military and civilian)
Mode C provides 4-digit octal code for aircraft's pressure altitude. (military and civilian) Mode 4 provides a 3-pulse reply to crypto coded challenge. (military only)

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IFF MODES WITH INTERROGATION

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