TURBINE PROTECTIONS

K.K.MRIDHA Dy.Supdt.(C&I)

Turbine Protections

Turbine Cycle
IPSV1 IPCV 1

FROM HRH

ESV1 CV1 From MS CRH

GENERATOR 1 2 HPT 1X17 LPBP Condenser 3 4 5

EXCITER 6

IPT 2X12

LPT 2X6

Turbine Protections The two main components of machinery management are

Monitoring
Protection

Machinery Monitoring The first level of Machinery Management is simply monitoring the machinery responses.
Sensors

Monitoring System

Sensors

The goal is to acquire machinerys present health and operational status.

Machinery Management Components The main component of machinery management is

Monitoring

Protection

Machinery Protection
Distributed Control System

Control System

Protection System

Sensors

Sensors

Turbine Protections Logic Philosophy

! Three channel, fail safe principle: Trip, if more than 1-channel votes Triple sensors for the most important protection

! Equal trip logic in each channel

Trip System Architecture

240 V DC

RELAY UNIT
24 V DC

Trip S/N

83SR03 (PROCESSOR CARD)

81AB02 (O/P CARD)

Central Safety System

Drain

81EB02 (I/P CARD)

81EB02 (I/P CARD)

81EB02 (I/P CARD)

I/Ps FROM FIELD

I/Ps FROM FIELD

I/Ps FROM FIELD

Trip System Architecture

MOT LEVEL <17% MOT LEVEL <17% MOT LEVEL <17%

OR (2/3)

TURBINE TRIP CH-1

CHANNEL-1

MOT LEVEL <17% MOT LEVEL <17% MOT LEVEL <17% CHANNEL-2

OR (2/3)

TURBINE TRIP CH-2

Turbine Protections from Lub. Oil Sys.

Turbine Protections from Lub. Oil Sys.

Turbine Protections from Lub. Oil Sys

Turbine Protections from Lub. Oil Sys.

Sl. No. 1 Description
Lub oil pressure Lo-Lo (2/3 logic) (0-100% = 0- 2.0 KSC) Lub oil tank level LO-LO (2/3 logic) (0-100% = 0-1200 MM)

Set Point/ Remarks

< 1.2 KSC <60 %

Method of checking
Draining the Pr. Switches

Field Instruments
Pressure Switches Level Switches

< 1100 mm from Through FG Tank top Safety Device < 17 %

Turbine Protections from Lub. Oil Sys.

MOT Level Switches

Turbine Protections from Lub. Oil Sys.

Turbine Protections from Lub. Oil Sys.

Turbine Protections from TSI

Turbine Protections from TSI

Turbine Protections from TSI

Turbine Protections from TSI

Sl. No. 3 Description
Axial shaft position Hi-Hi (2/3 logic) with 10 sec. delay Any bearing shaft vibration Hi-Hi with adjacent bearing shaft vibration Hi (Bearing No 1 to 6) with 05 sec. delay

Set Point/ Remarks

+/- 0.8 mm.

Method of checking

Field Instruments

Through FG Proximity Safety Sensors Device

140Microns- Hi-Hi Simulation 106Microns- Hi Similar for all bearings.

Proximity Sensors

Turbine Protections from TSI

Axial Shift measurement at IP collar

Turbine Protections from TSI

Measuring Amplifier Proximity Pick-up

45O

45O

SHAFT

Turbine Protections from TSI

Shaft Vib. Probe

Turbine Protections from TSI

Turbine Protections from Bearing metal Temp.

Turbine Protections from Bearing metal Temp.

Turbine Protections from Bearing metal Temp.

Sl. No. Description
Any Bearing( 1 to 6) metal temp.Hi-Hi (2/3 logic)

Set Point/ Remarks

>120Deg. C

Method of checking

Field Instruments

Limit Value simulation

T/C

Turbine Protections from Bearing metal Temp.

T/C

Turbine Protections from Bearing metal Temp.

T/C

Turbine Protections from Seal Oil System.

Turbine Protections from Seal Oil Sys.

Turbine Protections from Seal Oil Sys.

Turbine Protections from Seal Oil Sys.

Sl. No. 6 Description
Vacuum oil tank level Lo-Lo(2/3 logic) with 10 sec. delay Seal oil/H2 Diff. Pr. Lo-Lo (2/3 logic) with 10 sec. delay.

Set Point/ Remarks

<20 %

Method of checking By pressing the test switches

By draining the DP switches two at a time

Field Instruments Level Switches

< 0.1 KSC

DP Switches

Turbine Protections from Seal Oil Sys.

Vac. Oil tank Level Lo-Lo Switches

Turbine Protections from Seal Oil Sys.

Turbine Protections from Seal Oil Sys.

Seal Oil/H2 DP Switches

Turbine Protections from HPT

Turbine Protections from HPT

Sl. Description No. 8
HPT inner casing Temperature Hi-Hi (2/3 Logic)

Set Point/ Remarks

530 Deg. C

Method of Field checking Instruments

Simulation

T/C

Turbine Protections from HPT

Turbine Protections from HPT

HPT INNER CASING T/C

Turbine Protections from LPT

Turbine Protections from LPT

Sl. No. 9 Description
LP inner casing metal temp. Hi-Hi (2/3 logic)

Set Point/ Remarks

> 200 Deg C

Method of checking
Simulation

Field Instruments T/C

Turbine Protections from Condenser

Turbine Protections from Condenser

Sl. No.
10

Description
LP turbine exhaust steam pr. MAX and Gen. Field breaker Not open (2/3 logic) LP Heater-1 Level Hi-Hi (2/3 logic) with 40 sec. delay Condenser Hot well Level Hi-Hi (2/3 logic) CW supply not on

Set Point/ Remarks

>0. 25 bar ABS >- 0.75 KSC

Method of checking
Simulation

Field Instruments
Vacuum Tranismitter

11

> + 30 mm

Actual

Level Switch & Transmitter Level Switches P/P running Contacts

12 13

> 1600 mm At least one CW P/P available/Unit

Actual

Turbine Protections from Condenser

Turbine Protections from Turbotrol

Turbine Protection from Turbotrol

Sl. No. 14 Description
Turbotrol trip ON

Set Point/ Remarks

TT52/TT51 H/W Fault Turbo max trip Position Controller HP Fault Position Controller IP Fault TT51 fault& TT52 not ON

Method of checking
Simulation

Field Instruments

Turbine Protections from Boiler Trip

Turbine Protections from Boiler Trip

Sl. No. 15

Description
Turbine trip on Boiler trip MFT A/ B (inter trip)

Set Point/ Remarks

Method of checking
Simulation

Field Instruments From Logic

Turbine Protections from Generator Trip

Turbine Protections from Generator Trip

Sl. No.

Description
Turbine trip on Generator (inter trip)

Set Point/ Remarks

Method of checking
Simulation

Field Instruments

16

From Logic

Generator Protections from Stator Water Sys.

Generator Protections from Stator Water Sys.

Generator Protections from Stator Water Sys.

Generator Protections from Stator Water

Sl. Description No.
17 Generator term. Box Leak level Hi-Hi (2/3 logic) Generator stator CW flow Lo-Lo (2/3 logic) with 10 sec. delay. Generator stator CW conductivity Hi-Hi (2/3 logic) with 5 sec. delay. Generator stator CW O/L temp. Hi-Hi(2/3 logic) Stator CW Compensating tank Level LO-LO (2/3 Logic) with 5 Sec.delay < 47. 00 CuMtr/hr

Set Point/ Remarks

Method of checking
By simulation at switch end. Actual

Field Instru.
Level Switches Level Switches

18

19

> 8.00 By simulation Micro S/cm at switch end. > 90 Deg.C By simulation at switch end. <20% Actual

Conducti vity Probes Temp Switch Level Switches

20 21

Generator Protections from Stator Water Sys.

Leak Level Detector

Generator Protections from Stator Water Sys.

LO-LO Flow Switch

Generator Protections from Stator Water Sys.

Conductivity measuring Probe

Generator Protections from Stator Water Sys.

Comp. tank Level Lo-Lo Switches

Generator Protections from Warm Gas

Generator Protections from Warm Gas

Generator Protections from Warm Gas

Sl. No. 22 Description
Generator LFT/RGT warm gas temp. very high (2/4 logic)

Set Point/ Remarks

> 105 Deg.C

Method of checking
Simulation

Field Instruments Temp Switch

Generator Protections from Warm Gas

Temp. Switch

Generator Protections from 400 KV Breaker

Generator Protections from 400KV Breaker

Sl. No. 23

Description
Both 400 KV Breaker Open

Set Point/ Remarks

This trip will be armed only after GCB is closed & any 400 KV breaker is closed.

Method of checking

Field Instruments

Turbine Protections from Push Button

Turbine Protections from Push Button

Sl. No. 23 Description
Remote trip from UCB PB Emergency trip from local PB on Gov rack

Set Point/ Remarks

Method of checking
Actual

Field Instruments Push Button Push Button

24

Actual

Turbine Protections from Over Speed

Turbine Protections from Over Speed

Sl. Description No. 25
Turbine Electrical Over Speed Trip

Set Point/ Remarks

109% 3270 RPM

Method of checking
Lowering the Limit value

Field Instruments
From Trip Logic

26

Turbine Mechanical Over Speed Trip

110% i.e. 3300 RPM 112% i.e. 3360 RPM

Oil Injection Test or Increasing the Actual speed

Trip from Trip Bolt

Turbine Protections from Over Speed

Trip Bolts

Turbine Protections from Over Speed

Thank You