Its Need : Industrialization is playing a vital role in rising the economy of a country and its GDP.

Through industrialization ,standard of a country is being raised.Industrialization is providing work to more than 60% of population in the country.The export services and products increases and great revenue can be generated through industries by regulating its operating cost.

What is Industry Industry is the production of an economic good or service within an economy. Following the industrial revolution , prehaps a third of worlds economic output is derived from manufacturing industries.

Different Types Of Industries Countributing Maximum To A Country

Computer Industry

Oil and steel Industry

Airline Industry

For details on industries ,visit-www.iglobe.co.in

Computer Industry

THE COMPUTER INDUSTRY, OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INDUSTRY, IS THE RANGE OF BUSINESSES INVOLVED IN DEVELOPING COMPUTER SOFTWARE, DESIGNING COMPUTER HARDWARE AND COMPUTER NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURES, THE MANUFACTURE OF COMPUTER COMPONENTS AND THE PROVISION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) SERVICES. THE COMPUTER INDUSTRY WAS BORN WITH CONSTRUCTION OF THE ENIAC IN 1946, BUILT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA'S MOORE SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, ENIAC STOOD FOR "ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND COMPUTER DESIGNED TO CALCULATE TRAJECTORIES TABLES FOR US ARMY.

Computers have evolved through four generations and in each generation computers become faster,easier,smaller,more dependable and less expensive to operate. First generation-vaccum Tubes Second Generation-transistors Third Generation-Integrated Circuits Fourth Generation-Microprocessors

Main Industries of Computer & Its features

The competition within the PC industry is extraordinarily cutthroat. The top companies consist of Dell, HP, Apple, Gateway and Sony, Microsoft, lenovo. Computer Industry is even coming in learning .Students starts studying from computers , laptops at the young age.

Ten years from now chances are there will be few computers in home. Instead, people will be wearing computers -implanted, for example, in eyeglasses, with the retina as the screen.The main factors for a computer industry to keep rising is New technology Reliability Customer Service

Industry profitability
A computer industry not producing pcs only but it has its hands in markets also.The industry is gaining profit because it is redefining itself and the world is also updating with the usage of computers in deep almost in every industry and at every place. APPLE is the highest profit gaining computer company right now. Dell is best for its customer service. Main suppliers of computer industry are intel and microsoft.

Computer industry

Intels microprocessor chips are used in approximately 80% of personal computers Microsoft operating systems are used in 90% of computers, giving it substantial bargaining power Stakeholders: Environmentalists and Ewaste are the major stakeholders for the PC industry; the dumping of high-tech trash like computers in landfills.HewlettPackard, IBM and Dell have recently started up a computer recycle program, recycling in all computer brands for a small fee.

AN AIRLINE IS A COMPANY THAT PROVIDES AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES FOR TRAVELING PASSENGERS AND FREIGHT. AIRLINES LEASE OR OWN THEIR AIRCRAFT WITH WHICH TO SUPPLY THESE SERVICES AND MAY FORM PARTNERSHIPS OR ALLIANCES WITH OTHER AIRLINES FOR MUTUAL BENEFIT. GENERALLY, AIRLINE COMPANIES ARE RECOGNIZED WITH AN AIR OPERATING CERTIFICATE OR LICENSE ISSUED BY A GOVERNMENTAL AVIATION BODY.

DELAG, Deutsche Luftschiffahrts-Aktiengesellschaft was the world's first airline. It was founded on November 16, 1909 with government assistance, and operated airships manufactured by The Zeppelin Corporation. Its headquarters were in Frankfurt. Different types of airlines are International National Regional Domestic

Airline industry Government Regulations Many countries have national airlines that the government owns and operates Government has extensive regulation for economic, political, and safety concerns Some countries (e.g. US and Australia) have "deregulated" their airlines

The entry barriers for new airlines are lower in a deregulated market-

far greater competition average fares tend to drop 20% or more International regulations Groups such as the International Civil Aviation Organization establish worldwide standards for safety and other vital concerns. Most international air traffic is regulated by bilateral agreements between countries, which designate specific carriers to operate on specific routes Bilateral agreements are based on the "freedoms of the air .In the 1990s, "open skies" agreements became more common,but it mee some criticism.

Major risks and Issues in Airline Industry

Major issues Ticketing revenue Operating cost Environmental Route structures of airport

Major risks Strategic Risk-Buiding design choices Financial risk-Variability of revenue and costs Operational risk- labor, fuel, airplanes, engines, spares and parts Hazard risk-Safety of physical assets Wars- 9/11, IRAQ , SARS , Bali Bombing

Industry Profitability Profitability is likely to improve in the future as privatization continues and more competitive low-cost carriers proliferate.The overall trend of demand has been consistently increasing. Countries with a de-regulated airline industry have more competition and greater pricing freedom. This results in lower fares and dramatic spurts in traffic. The industry has been observed to be cyclical in its financial performance. Four or five years of poor earnings precede five or six years of improvement. Warren Buffett once said that despite all the money that has been invested in all airlines, the net profit is less than zero. He believes it is one of the hardest businesses to manage.

STEEL IS AN ALLOY OF IRON AND CARBON. CARBON IS THE PRIMARY ALLOYING ELEMENT, AND ITS CONTENT IN THE STEEL IS BETWEEN 0.002% AND 2.1% BY WEIGHT. ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS MAY ALSO PRESENT IN STEEL: MANGANESE, PHOSPHORUS, SULFUR, SILICON, AND TRACES OF OXYGEN, NITROGEN AND ALUMINIUM. ALLOY STEEL IS STEEL TO WHICH ADDITIONAL ALLOYING ELEMENTS HAVE BEEN INTENTIONALLY ADDED TO MODIFY THE CHARACTERISTICS OF STEEL INCLUDE: MANGANESE, NICKEL, CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, BORON, TITANIUM, VANADIUM AND NIOBIUM
Different types of steel and their importanceStainless Steel Cutlery Rulers Surgical instruments

Flat Carbon Steel-

Magnetic cores The inside and outside body of automobiles, trains, and ships. As reinforcing bars and mesh in reinforced concrete Railroad tracks Structural steel in modern buildings and bridges Wires

Long Steel-

Major steel industries & its history

It is common today to talk about "the iron and steel industry" as if it were a single entity, but historically they were separate products. The steel industry is often considered an indicator of economic progress, because of the critical role played by steel in infrastructural and overall economic development. In 1980, there were more than 500,000 U.S. steelworkers. number of steelworkers fell to to 224,000. Since By 2000,2000, severalthe Indian and Chinese steel firms have risen prominence like

Tata Steel (which Corus Group in 2007) Between 2000bought and 2005, world steel demand increased by 6%. Shanghai Baosteel Group Corporation Shagang Group ArcelorMittal is however the world's largest steel producer. In 2005, the British Geological Survey stated China was the top steel producer with about one-third of the world share. The world steel industry peaked in 2007. That year, ThyssenKrupp spent $12 billion to build the two most modern mills in the world, in Calvert, Alabama and Sepetiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

In 2008, steel began trading as a commodity on the London Metal Exchange. At the end of 2008, the steel industry faced a sharp downturn that led to many cutbacks. ThyssenKrupp lost $11 billion on its two new plants, which sold steel below the cost of production. Finally in 2013, ThyssenKrupp offered the plants for sale at under $4 billion.

Production Of Steel
When iron is smelted from its ore by commercial processes, it contains more carbon than is desirable. To become steel, it must be melted and reprocessed to reduce the carbon to the correct amount, at which point other elements can be added. This liquid is then continuously cast into long slabs or cast into ingots. Approximately 96% of steel is continuously cast, while only 4% is produced as ingots. The ingots are then heated in a soaking pit and hot rolled into slabs, blooms, or billets. Slabs are hot or cold rolled into sheet metal or plates. Billets are hot or cold rolled into bars, rods, and wire. Blooms are hot or cold rolled into structural steel, such as I-beams and rails. In modern steel mills these processes often occur in one assembly line, with ore coming in and finished steel coming out. Sometimes after a steel's final rolling it is heat treated for strength.
Uses of Steel Steel are used widely in the construction of roads, railways, other infrastructure, appliances, and buildings. Most large modern structures, such as stadiums and skyscrapers, bridges, and airports, are supported by a steel skeleton. It has a widespread use in major appliances and cars. Despite growth in usage of aluminium, it is still the main material for car bodies. Steel is used in a variety of other construction materials, such as bolts, nails, and screws. Other common applications include shipbuilding, pipeline transport, mining, offshore construction, aerospace, white goods (e.g. washing machines), heavy equipment such as bulldozers, office furniture, steel wool, tools.

Oil industry

THE OIL INDUSTRY (DEVELOPMENT) ACT, 1974 WAS ENACTED FOLLOWING SUCCESSIVE AND STEEP INCREASE IN THE INTERNATIONAL PRICES OF CRUDE OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS SINCE EARLY 1973, WHEN THE NEED OF PROGRESSIVE SELF-RELIANCE IN PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM BASED INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIALS ASSUMED GREAT IMPORTANCE. THE FOLLOWING OBJECTS WERE INCLUDED IN THE STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS FOR THE OIL INDUSTRY (DEVELOPMENT) BILL,1974

Oil Industry

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