WIND POWER PLANT

WIND POWER PLANT

Introduction to renewable sources. Need of wind power plant Site selection Operating principle Working & power generation Merits and demerits Present scenario & future

Introduction
Wh' wind power++

Wind power has alwa's gi)en the necessar' propulsi)e force to sailing ships and has been also used to run windmills. #owe)er* the recent attention paid to climate changes *the demand to increase the amount of green energ' and fear of a decrease of oil fuel in the future ha)e promoted a renewed interest in the production of electrical energ' from renewable sources and also from the wind power.

The hori ontal a!is wind turbine "#$WT% with upstream three&blade rotor has resulted to be the most suitable t'polog' and conse(uentl' has found a remarkable de)elopment* characteri ed both b' a (uick grown in si e and power* as well as b' a wide spread.

Generalities on wind power plants Ph'sics and nature of wind

The ,arth continuousl' releases into the atmosphere the heat recei)ed b' the

sun* but une)enl'.

In the areas where less heat is released"cool air ones% the pressure of

atmospheric gases increases* whereas where more heat is released* air warms up and gas pressure decreases.

 Since the atmosphere tends to constantl' re&establish the pressure balance* the air

mo)es from the areas where the pressure is higher towards those where it is lowertherefore* wind is the mo)ement of an air mass* more or less (uick* between ones at different pressure. . The profile and une)enness of the surface of the dr' land or of the sea deepl' affect the wind and its local characteristics- in fact the wind blows with higher intensit' on large and flat surfaces* such as the sea/ this represents the main element of interest for wind plants on& and off shore. Moreo)er* the wind gets stronger on the top of the rises or in the )alle's oriented parallel to the direction of the dominant wind* whereas it slows down on une)en surfaces* such as towns or forests* and its speed with respect to the height abo)e ground is influenced b' the conditions of atmospheric stabilit'.

SITE SELECTION OF WIND POWER PLANT

Most important decision throughout 'our installation. 0ital part in the performance and efficienc' of a wind turbine. #igh* e!posed sites. Not suitable sites in highl' populated residential areas. $)oid roof mounted turbines. Power transmission loss 1istance between the turbine and the nearest obstacle 2onnection with national power grid

Workin Principle o! Wind tur"ine #

Wind turbines operate on a simple principle. Wind is merel' air in motion. Wind

turbines con)ert kinetic energ' from the wind that passes o)er the rotors into electricit'.
The kinetic energ' in the wind turns two or three propeller&like blades around a

rotor. The rotor is connected to the main shaft* which spins a generator to create electricit'.
Wind turbines are mounted on a tower to capture the most energ'. $t 344 feet "54

meters% or more abo)e ground* the' can take ad)antage of faster and less turbulent wind.
Wind turbines can be used to produce electricit' for a single home or building* or

the' can be connected to an electricit' grid for more widespread electricit' distribution.
wind turbines harness the power of the wind and use it to generate electricit'.

Simpl' stated* a wind turbine works the opposite of a fan. Instead of using electricit' to make wind* like a fan* wind turbines use wind to make electricit'.

PARTS OF WIND T$R%INE #

3. #ub controller 7. Pitch c'linder 5. Main shaft 9. Oil cooler ;. <ear 6o! =. 0MP top&controller ?. Parking break @. Ser)ice crane A. Transformer 34. 6lade #ub 37. 6lade

33. 6lade 6earing

35. 8otor lock s'stem 39. #'draulic :nit 3;. #'draulic shrink disk 3=. >aw ring 3?. Machine foundation 3@. >aw gear 3A. <enerator 74. <enerator 2ooler

PARTS OF WIND T$R%INE #

 Wind turbines consist of four main componentsBthe rotor* transmission s'stem* generator* and 'aw and

control s'stems Rotor#

The rotor consists of the hub* three blades and a pitch regulation s'stem* all of which are located upwind of the

tower. The blades are airfoils* which depend on aerod'namic lift to mo)e the blades and cause rotation. "$ir mo)ing o)er the blades creates a negati)e pressure on the upper side of the airfoil and a positi)e pressure on the lower side- this causes the rotor to rotate.% The design speed of the rotor is 3= rpm. Trans&ission s'ste&#
The mechanical power generated b' the rotor blades is transmitted to the generator b' the transmission

s'stem. This consists of a gearbo! and a braking s'stem plus the au!iliar' lubricating and cooling s'stems. The gearbo! is needed to increase the rotorCs speed "3= rpm% to the 3@44&rpm speed of the generator. The braking s'stem is designed to lock the rotor when shut down. Generator#
The generator con)erts the mechanical energ' to electrical energ' in an as'nchronous "induction% generator.

(aw and control s'ste&s#

The 'aw s'stem turns the nacelle into the actual wind direction using a rotar' actuator and a gear mechanism

at the top of the tower. $ full' automatic microprocessor&based control and monitoring s'stem is a part of the wind turbine. The control s'stem is designed for remote operation from the shore&based operations center )ia a fiber optic communications s'stem.

WOR)ING OF WIND POWER PLANT#

Wind turbines harness the windDs energ' to generate electricit'. #ere* in short* is how the' do it/ Wind makes 6E$1,S turn. 6lades turn a shaft . <earbo! connected to shaft increases 8OT$TION$E speed. 1irect dri)e* <earless technolog' 2ON0,8SION / Mechanical energ' Power in)erter Transformer / output )oltage of in)erter F 33 G0 H 55G0. Eocal distribution F national greed. ,lectrical energ'.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER PLANT

$1$NT$<,S/
,nerg' Ior Iree Of 2ost. Produces ,lectricit' Throughout The 1a'. Pollution Iree $nd 2lean. 0ast Wind ,nerg' Is $)ailable. "34 Million Mw% 2an Suppl' The Power To 8emote $reas. ,conomicall' 2ompetiti)e. Mechanical Power Ior <rading* Pumping ,tc. - :sing Wind ,nerg'. Wind ,nerg'

1omestic* 8enewable Source Of ,nerg' .

:p To A; J Eand Of Wind Iarms 2an 6e :sed Ior 8anching* Iarming $nd

Iorestr'.

 1IS$10$NT$<,S/

Eow energ' densit'. Irregular * unstead' wind energ' 0ariable speed. 0ariable wind direction. #igher capital cost. 2an be located onl' in )ast open areas . Iar location from load centers. 2omple! designs.

Present Scenario:
Started de)elopment in 3AA4s. India has the fifth largest installed wind power capacit' in the world $s of 53 Kan 7435 the installed capacit' of wind power in India was 3A??A.3; mw State&le)el wind power/ Tamilnadu & ?3;@ mw <enerates 94J of IndiaDs wind power. MaLor districts & coimbatore* kan'akumari *thirunel)eli* and tiruppur. <uLarat &54A5 mw Total installed capacit' in <uLarat stood at 54A5 mw. Maharashtra &7A?= mw Third in terms of power generation using wind energ'. 8aLasthan &75;; mw 75;= MW as per TOI* dated 53.5.7437.

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WIND POWER PLANTS STATUS ALL OVER THE WORLD

 Iuture/
The Ministr' of New and 8enewable ,nerg' "MN8,% has fi!ed a target of 34*;44 MW

between 744?H37* but an additional generation capacit' of onl' about =*444 MW might be a)ailable for commercial use b' 7437.

The Ministr' of New and 8enewable ,nerg' "MN8,%

has announced a re)ised estimation of the potential wind resource in India from 9A*354 MW assessed at ;4m #ub heights to 347*?@@ MW assessed at @4 #ub height. The wind resource at higher #ub heights that are now pre)ailing is possibl' e)en more .

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"UESTIONS # "UERIES # DOU$TS %

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