Population Education

Reproductive Health

Population Education
- The process of developing awareness and understanding of population situations for the attainment of quality of life for the individual, family and the world. - Aims to solve the problems of rapid population growth and strike a balance between the number of people and the resources of the country

Reproduction:
A Blessing or a Bane?

- The state of complete physical, mental and social being and the absence of disease or infirmity in all matters relating to the reproductive system, its function and process - Includes an understanding of the biological elements and awareness of the social and cultural context in which sexuality, reproduction and child rearing are carried out

- A couple is said to be fertile when they are capable of reproducing - The state of fertility is usually measured by the number of children a couple has during the womans reproductive stage

Fecundity
- A biological capacity of a woman (or a couple) to have children in the future - It is estimated by ascertaining the reproductive limits of a human being - When a woman stops menstruating, she becomes in fecund

Human Reproductive Process

REPRODUCTION
- The process by which life is maintained from one generation to the next

Male Reproductive Sytem

The purpose of the organs of the male reproductive system is to perform the following functions:
- To produce, maintain, and transport sperm (the male reproductive cells) and protective fluid (semen) - To discharge sperm within the female reproductive tract during sex - To produce and secrete male sex hormones responsible for maintaining the male reproductive system

- Series of glands and ducts that store, nourish and transport the sperm cells once they are produced a) VAS DEFERENS - small tubes leading from testicles up into the body cavity to the top of the prostate gland

Internal Organs

b) URETHRA - duct carrying urine from the bladder to the penis c) SEMINAL VESICLES - serves as storage compartments of the sperm d) PROSTATE GLAND - gland surrounding the neck of the males bladder e) EPIDIDYMIS - small coiled tube attached to the upper part of each testicle where the sperms are stored for 6 weeks while they mature

External Organs
- produces, stores, and releases the sperm a) TESTES - primary male sex organs or gonads - produces the sperm b) PENIS - male sex organ that is inserted into the womans vagina during sexual intercourse - the shaft, or body of the penis is made up of 3 cylinders composed of spongy erectile tissue

Female Reproductive Sytem

- The female reproductive system is designed to carry out several functions. It produces the female egg cells necessary for reproduction, called the ova or oocytes. The system is designed to transport the ova to the site of fertilization. Conception, the fertilization of an egg by a sperm, normally occurs in the fallopian tubes. After conception, the uterus offers a safe and favorable environment for a baby to develop before it is time for it to make its way into the outside world. If fertilization does not take place, the system is designed to menstruate (the monthly shedding of the uterine lining). In addition, the female reproductive system produces female sex hormones that maintain the reproductive cycle.

- Provides the environment in which the fertilized egg can develop into a baby

Internal Organ

a) OVARIES (gonads) - 2 almond shaped glands in the female abdominal cavity, located on their side of the uterus - one egg cell matures every 28 days and is released from the ovary

b) UTERUS / WOMB - hollow and muscular pear shaped organ where the baby develops after an ovum is fertilized c) FALLOPIAN TUBES or oviducts - connect ovaries to the uterus. Thhis serve as a pathway for the egg cell as it is released from the ovary, and where fertilization takes place

External Organs
a) VAGINA - muscular tube that connects the uterus outside the body

Menstrual Cycle
- Begins at puberty - A monthly process that occurs in woman's body - If fertilization does not take place, cells in the endometrium gradually die and bleeding occurs. - The release of this tissue and blood is called menstruation - - the first menstruation is called menarche

FERTILIZATION
- Union of the sperm cell and a mature ovum - This process occurs in the upper third portion of the fallopian tube - The fertilized ovum is then deposited and implanted in the thickened endometrium within 7-10days where it develops and begins the process of pregnancy