LECTURE 9

BREAST FEEDING
Dr.Nagayeva S

Balanced diet of children of the first year of a life ("feeding", on the terminology accepted in our country) is one of the major conditions, providing both their adequate growth and development, and steadiness against the influence of infections and other negative external factors. Character of feeding on the first year of baby's life substantially defines a state of health, not only at early age, but also during the subsequent periods of his life.

There is no doubts, that the mother's milk is the optimum kind of nutrition for the baby of the first year of life. Its structure is adequate to the feature of the metabolism of the baby ,at early stages of development. Thus mother's milk is not only a source of all nutrients, which are necessary for child, but contains a plenty of biologically active connections and protective factors (enzymes, hormones, antibodies, lactoferrin, etc.) also, influencing on growth and formation of the immune status of children.

ADVANTAGES OF MOTHER'S MILK

Breast milk contains all necessary for the baby nutrients , at that it is in the optimum ratio and a kind , adapted for features of digestive system of the newborn, it is develops by mother's organism by the individual order.

ADVANTAGES OF BREAST FEEDING

The structure of mother's milk change in process of the baby's growth , in accordance with his needs. Colostrum is produced at first time after childbirth , then mammary gland produce transitional milk and from second-third week mother's milk becomes mature.

Female milk is specific. It contains the substances promoting development of baby's brain , while cow's or goat's milk are direct to increase the weight of a body, mainly. The colostrum is very important. It is produced by the mammary gland at the first hours after childbirth, it is rich of vitamins , enzymes, mineral substances and creates necessary conditions for microbic biocenose of the intestines (useful biobacteria). Just the colostrum in its pure state will help to avoid a disbacteriosis from your baby . Besides the colostrum is ideally for a sterile stomach of the newborn. Milk , on its own structure ,is very close to tissue of the newborn, therefore it's assimilate easily.

THE STRUCTURE OF MOTHER'S MILK

Mother's milk contains on average : albumen 1,15g in 100ml, but the quantity of food protein is even less - 0,8g, the other part is "functional" proteins: antibodies, hormones, enzymes. None of the proteins of mother's milk is identical to any of cow's protein. The proteins of the human's serum consist from human alpha-lactoglobulin, the basic protein of the cow's serum is - beta-lactogobulin (casein). Proteins of the mother's milk are forming more gentle and fine-dyspersated clot in a stomach under the influence of a hydrochloric acid, than casein. That promotes easier splitting by digestive enzymes and thereof the higher degree of digestion and assimilation.

There are a lot of fatty acids in mother's milk, which are necessary for construction and adequate functioning of biomembranes, formations of a brain and an eye's retina. Unlike the cow milk, there is elevated quantity of cysteine and taurine (amino acids) and less quantity of methionine in the breast milk. Taurine is necessary for bile's salt connection and it's serves as neurotransmitter and neuromodulator of the development of the central nervous system. Children are not capable to synthesize taurine, but this is irreplaceable substance, and its absence or inadequate quantity cause irreparable damage to development of a brain and immune system, to the eye's retina, to the adrenal glands.

Whatever balanced the widely advertised artificial feeding is, it cannot meet individual needs of each baby. Thus, at the artificial feeding superfluous receipt of proteins, the inadequate qualitative structure, smaller quantity of free amino acids, essentially raise loading on immature digestive system of the baby.

WHEN TO FEED?

You should feed your baby just after childbirth. It is desirable, that mom constantly was in contact with her baby also. You should feed him by the first request. It may be tired for you to feed every hour, but you can't make a schedule for the work of a little stomach. Hunger is new sensations for the baby, he hasn't felt it before. The digestive system of the babys only starts to develop. When intervals between feedings are greater, the baby sucks very greedy, swallows the air, overeats .It's difficultly to digest a plenty food at one sitting. And the baby get a problems with a tummy, he becomes restless. Feed your child gradually, but more often. Mother's milk assimilates well, infants can't to overeat it. It's quite another matter the artificial feeding, there are more problem with it , than you can imagine.

The breast feeding is the simple, convenient and efficient procedure. The meal for the child is always at hand, with the necessary quality, with the necessary temperature and a consistence always. But the small bottle? it is necessary to sterilize it. It delivers more efforts at the night. The breast feeding requires a minimum efforts: to unhook a bra, to put mamilla into the hungry mouth, after some time to take it out and to plunge into a dream again . You needn't to express out the breast milk.

THE BREAST OR THE SMALL BOTTLE?

Women complains about morbidity of the mammilas, at times even about the chaps. Besides it leads to decrease of lactation and galactostasia. Therefore, even, if you get a problems with feeding before you have ended it , please consult with experts. There can be a special reasons. Do not lose such invaluable gift of the nature - mother's milk.

he shape of the breast will never be the same ,as it were before. Even if you did not feed your kid by the breast, it can't get back all the elasticity of the maiden breast any more, pregnancy will bring the corrective any way. The breast becomes softer. And strias appears at the time of pregnancy. To prevent the flabby breast , just dont torture it by means of expression of breast milk. Milk will come exactly so much, how many it is required to the baby. Simply feed him ,when he is hungry and your breast, will return to the previous sizes soon.

This main rules must to every nursing mother.

CARE OF THE BREAST

You should keep your breast clean. You should wash it with the warm boiled water and the childrens soap wipe it with rough towel. If your breast is tight, that milk is ooze out hardly, then the stroking from periphery to the centre will make easier milk release. You should squeeze out the drop of milk and spread it on over the mammila after every breast feeding. It has an expressed antibacterial and wound healing properties. You will not find the better remedy for healing of the chaps.

CARE OF THE BREAST

For preservation of the breast's shape , is better to wear a soft bra , special for feeding mothers. Except for that ,it prevents from galactostasia in the raised breast. All actions listed above are preventive measures of a mastitis.