GOOD MORNING

DR. ASHIS

KUMAR BISWAS

BDS, MCPS, FCPS (ORTHDONTICS) ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

ORTHODONTIC DEPARTMENT UDAYAN DENTAL COLLEGE

DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE OCCURS MAINLY BETWEEN 4 8 WEEKS

Early in the 4th week, 3 primordial swellings consisting primarily of neural crest-derived mesenchyme appear around the stomodeum and play an important role in the development of face

1 Frontonasal prominence The single frontonasal prominence ventral to the forebrain 2 Maxillary prominences The paired maxillary prominences develop from the cranial part of first pharyngeal arch 3 Mandibular prominences The paired mandibular prominences develop from the caudal part of first pharyngeal arch

Stomodeum

THEN FRONTONASAL OF 2 PROMINENCE

PROMINENCES

PROMINENCE GIVES ORIGIN MEDIAL AND LATERAL NASAL

Derivatives of Facial Components

The frontonasal prominence forms the: Forehead ,root &bridge of the nose Upper eye lid Frontal and nasal bones The maxillary prominences form the: Upper cheek regions and most of the upper lip Maxilla, zygomatic bone, secondary palate

The mandibular prominences fuse and form the: Chin, lower lip, and lower cheek regions Mandible
The lateral nasal prominences form the alae & side of the nose

The medial nasal prominences fuse and form the intermaxillary segment which gives origin of central part of upper lip, philtrum, upper incissor with alveolar process and primary palate.

DEVELOPMENT OF TONGUE
Time : 4 th week of intrauterine period

DEVELOPMENT OF EPITHELIUM

DEVELOPMENT OF TONGUE

DEVELOPMENT OF EPITHELIUM

DEVELOPMENT OF TONGUE
Muscles of the tongue develop form the occipital somites and innervated by hypoglossal nerve Connective tissue of the tongue develop form the local mesenchyme

THE PRIMARY PALATE

Begins to develop:

Early in the 6th week From the deep part of the intermaxillary segment, as median palatine process

Lies behind the premaxillary part of the maxillaFuses with the developing secondary palate

THE SECONDARY PALATE

Begins

to develop: Early in the 7th -8th week From the internal aspect of the maxillary processes, as lateral palatine process 2 lateral palatine process fuse at midline and also with nasal septum by PALATAL SHELF ELEVATION

PALATAL SHELF ELEVATION

GROWTH OF THE CRANIOFACIAL COMPLEX

Cranial Vault Cranial Base Maxilla Mandible

GROWTH OF THE CRANIAL VAULT

Prenatal Cranial Vault developed by intramembranous ossicification & postnatal growth occurs at the sutural margin which is opened by developing brain

GROWTH OF THE CRANIAL BASE

The

cranial base is composed mostly by bones formed by endochondral ossification. Bands of cartilage are formed between centers of ossification called synchondrosis: Spheno-occiptal synchondrosis intersphenoid synchondrosis spheno-ethmoidal synchondrosis

GROWTH OF THE CRANIAL BASE

Cranial base grows by endochondral ossification that occurs at both margins of the synchondrosis.

PRENATAL
MANDIBLE

DEVELOPMENT OF MAXILLA AND

Time of development Related process Related nerve Related primary cartilage Site of ossification Related secondary cartilage

POST NATAL GROWTH MANDIBLE

post natal growth mandible is occurred by secondary

cartilaginous
growth at 1. condyle 2. coronoid 3. symphysis

POST NATAL GROWTH MANDIBLE

post natal growth mandible is occurred by

displacement

POST NATAL GROWTH MANDIBLE

post natal growth mandible is occurred by surface

remodeling at ramus, alveolar process, body of the mandible

Site of resorption (---) Site of deposition (+++)

POST NATAL GROWTH MAXILLA

Post natal growth maxilla by displacement

Growth of the surrounding soft tissues translates the maxilla downward and forward, opening spaces in the sutures where bone is added.

POST NATAL GROWTH MAXILLA

Post natal growth maxilla by sutural growth

Midpalatal suture is opened until teenage years. Apposition of bone in the molar area accounts for space for the third molars.

POST NATAL GROWTH MAXILLA

Post natal growth by surface remodeling as resorption and deposition of bone

Site of resorption (---) Site of deposition (+++)

FACIAL GROWTH
1. growth in ant.-post. > vertical> hight 2. growth of chin to be prominent 3. lower jaw growth is to be more than upper jaw 4. class II malocclusion to be improved 5. class III malocclusion to be worse 6. teeth come forward more than dental base 7. facial planes tend to be horizontal

THANKS

TO ALL