Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of Current Methodologies

Topic & structure of the lesson

Overview of current methodologies and

their suitability for application domains

SSADM Object-oriented RAD

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Slide 2 (of 43)

Methodologies
Software development methodology
structured method based on life cycle model

Why do we need a methodology?

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Methodologies
Different methodologies
Process oriented methodologies
STRADIS (Gane and Sarson) YSM (Yourdan)

Blended methodologies
SSADM Information Engineering

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Methodologies
Different methodologies
OO methodologies
OO Analysis Rational Unified Process (RUP)

Rapid development methodologies People-oriented methodologies

Organizational methodologies
CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design Overview of current methodologies

Structured Systems Analysis and Design (SSADM)

A baseline for comparison and evaluation of other methodologies and for themes in systems development The true successor to the traditional SDLC approach with new techniques and tools developed since the 1970s

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Structured Systems Analysis and Design (SSADM)

supported by CASE tools clearly defined deliverables quality checkpoints Waterfall can be classified as this kind of methodology. vulnerable to any business changes that happen while the development is still on the way, as it is extremely difficult to go backwards
CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design Overview of current methodologies

SSADM
forces the developers to well identify and understand system requirements long time before the implementation phase begins. lack of ability to go backwards makes it unaccommodating to changes as the project proceeds. system being built can not be presented until it is completely done at the end of the implementation phase.
CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design Overview of current methodologies

SSADM
Major tools
Logical Data Modeling
Logical Data Structure
ER Model - Entities & Relationships Documentation

Data Flow Modeling

Data Flow Diagrams Documentation

Entity / Event Modelling

Entity Life History Documentation

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

SSADM
Version 4 in 1990 has 7 stages
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Feasibility Investigation of current environment Business system options Requirements Specifications Technical system options Logical design Physical design
Overview of current methodologies

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Object Oriented Analysis & Design (OOAD)

different approaches and methodologies
Booch Coad and Yourdon Martin and Odell Rumbaugh et al

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

OOAD
OO life cycle
analysis design implementation

Deliverables
diagrams repository description

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

OOAD
uses a tool called UML (Unified Modeling Language), which is a set of standard in diagramming and modeling techniques invented by three OO champions, Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson, and James Rumbaugh

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Comparison between SSADM and OOA

Structured
blend of data and process models used programming code separate from data maybe waterfall process model explicitly shows data flows shows data store
CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

OO
objects used code and data bundled in an object incremental and iterative use case implies data flow has no equivalent to data store

Overview of current methodologies

Similarities
show functions required by user may be leveled according to detail strongly related to how information is stored show external agents interacting with the system partition functionalities into small parts indicate how data may be stored refer to attributes

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Rapid Application Development (RAD)

Introduced code generators and the visual fourthgeneration (4G) programming languages such as Microsoft Visual Basic and Borland Delphi Iterative model allowing back tracking Working model is worth a thousand pictures High level of user involvement

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Phases in RAD
1. 2. 3. 4. Requirements Planning phase User design phase Construction phase Cutover phase

Compared with traditional methods, the entire process is compressed. As a result, the new system is built, delivered, and placed in operation much sooner.
CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design Overview of current methodologies

RAD Methodology

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

RAD
Some part of the system (the core functioning) is developed quickly to be delivered to the users However as the system can be delivered quickly, users tend to change their expectations of what the system can do, thus the requirements tend to change and expand.
CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design Overview of current methodologies

Follow Up Assignment
List and explain the differences between SSADM and Object-oriented in terms of the activities and phases involved.

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Slide 40 (of 43)

Summary of Main Teaching Points

Overview of current methodologies and their suitability for application domains
SSADM Object-oriented RAD

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Slide 41 (of 43)

Question and Answer Session

Q&A
CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design Overview of current methodologies Slide 42 (of 43)

Next Session
Introduction to OO Concepts

CT026-1 Systems Analysis and Design

Overview of current methodologies

Slide 43 (of 43)