Strategic Management and TQM Strategic Management of International Operations Strategic Management Social and Ethical Dimension

The Finance Function and Startegic Management Operations and Strategic Management
The Marketing Function and Startegic Management

Special Issues in Strategic Management

Critical Functions for Strategic Management

Strategic Management and TQM Isu-isu

Global

Organisasi

The Finance Function and Startegic Dunia Management

Strategic Management Social and Ethical Dimension

Pendidikan

Operations and Strategic Management

Analisis Lingkungan Global Formulasi Implementasi Evaluasi

Manajemen Strategic

Mampu Bersaing dalam Kancah Global Peningkatan Mutu dan Tujuan Critical Pendidikan Functions for Nasional Strategic Management

Plan, Organizing, Actuating, Controling Special Issues in Strategic Management

Strategi Operasi Pada Organisasi Pendidikan

Historis Development of TQM

TQM dalam Konteks Pendidikan

Strategic Management and Total Quality Management

Concept of TQM

TQM in Strategic Management

Applying TQM Methods

Historis Development of TQM

TQM dalam Konteks Pendidikan

Strategic Management and Total Quality Management

Concept of TQM

TQM in Strategic Management

Applying TQM Methods

What is quality? Dictionary has many definitions: Essential characteristic, Historis that have gained wide Superior, etc. Some definitions acceptance in various organizations: Development Quality is customer satisfaction, Quality is Fitness for Use. of TQM The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Society for Quality (ASQ) define quality as: TQM dalam The totality of features and characteristics of a product or Concept of Konteks TQM service that bears on its Strategic ability to satisfy given needs. Pendidikan Management and What is TQM? Total Quality A comprehensive, organization-wide Management effort to improve the quality of products and services, applicable to all organizations.
TQM in Strategic Management Applying TQM Methods

At organizational level, we need to ask following questions: Which products and services meet your expectations? Which products and services you need that you are not currently receiving? At process level, we need to ask: What products and services are most important to the external customer? What processes produce those products and services? What are the key inputs to those processes? Which processes have most significant effects on the organizations performance standards? At the individual job level, we should ask: What is required by the customer? How can the requirements be measured? What is the specific standard for each measure?
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The Deming Philosophy Definition of quality, A product or a service possesses quality if it helps somebody and enjoys a good and sustainable market.

Improve quality Decrease cost because of less rework, fewer mistakes. Productivity improves

Long-term competitive strength

Stay in business

Capture the market with better quality and reduced cost.

William Edwards Deming (October 14, 1900 December 20, 1993) was an American statistician, college professor, author, lecturer, and consultant. Deming is widely credited with improving production in the United States during World War II, although he is perhaps best known for his work in Japan.

Joseph Moses Juran (December 24, 1904 February 28, 2008) was a 20th century management consultant who is principally remembered as an evangelist for quality and quality management, writing several influential books on these subjects.

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Philip Bayard "Phil" Crosby, (June 18, 1926 August 18, 2001) was a businessman and author who contributed to management theory and quality management practices. Crosby initiated the Zero Defects program at the Martin Company Orlando, Florida plant. As the quality control manager of the Pershing missile program, Crosby was credited with a 25 percent reduction in the overall rejection rate and a 30 percent reduction in scrap costs.
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W. Deming J.M. Juran P. Crosby What is quality? Basic orientation toward Technical Process Motivational Dictionary has many definitions: Essential characteristic, quality What is quality? systems Fitness for use; freedom Conformance Historis Superior, etc.Nonfaulty Some definitions that have gained wideto from trouble requirements acceptance in various organizations: Quality is customer Development Who is responsible for Management Management Management satisfaction, Quality is Fitness for Use. quality? of TQM Importance of customer Very important requirements as standard

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Society for Quality (ASQ) define quality as: Goal of quality Meet/exceed customer Please customer; Continuous TQM dalam The totality of features and characteristics of a product or Concept of improvement; needs; continuous continuous improvement zero defects Konteks TQM service that bears on its Strategic ability to satisfy given needs. improvement Pendidikan Methods for achieving Statistical; constancy of Cost of quality; quality 14-point framework; quality purpose; continual trilogy: planning, control, Management and cooperation improvement What is TQM? improvement; Total Quality between functions A comprehensive, organization-wide effort to improve the Management Chief elements of 14-point program Breakthrough projects; 14-step program; cost of quality of products and services, applicable to all implementation quality council; quality quality; quality teams management "maturity organizations. grid"
Role of training

Very important; customers Very important at each step of product life cycle

TQM in Strategic Very important for managers and workers Management

Applying TQM Very important for managers and employees Methods

Juran Institute

Very important for managers and employees Philip Crosby Associates II

For additional details, see The W. Edwards Deming

A P L Y I N G

Karakteristik : 1. Customer Driven Definition of Quality 2. Strong Quality Leadership 3. Continous Improvement 4. Reliancen on facts, data and analysis 5. Employee Participaion Sistem Manajemen Mutu ISO sebagai salah satu metoda Strategic aplikasi TQM. : 1.Management ISO 9001 and 2. ISO 9002 Total 3. ISO 9003 Quality

T Q M
M E T H O D

Management
Dampak o TQM : Mampu Meningkat kinerja, keuntungan, kepuasan pelanggan, quality, efektivitas cost dan hubungan antar emploeye

Created by International Organization for Standardization (IOS) which was created in 1946 to standardize quality requirement within the European market. IOS initially composed of representatives from 91 countries: probably most wide base for quality standards. Adopted a series of written quality standards in 1987 (first revised in 1994, and more recently (and significantly) in 2000). Prefix ISO in the name refers to the scientific term iso for equal. Thus, certified organizations are assured to have quality equal to their peers.
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Defines quality systems standards based on the premise that certain generic characteristics of management principles can be standardized. And that a well-designed, well-implemented and well managed quality system provides confidence that outputs will meet customer expectations and requirements. Standards are recognized by 100 countries including Japan and USA. Intended to apply to all types of businesses. (Recently, B2B firm bestroute.com became the first e-commerce company to get ISO certification.)
15

Created to meet five objectives: 1. Achieve, maintain, and seek to continuously improve product quality in relation to the requirements. 2. Improve the quality of operations to continually meet customers and stakeholders needs. 3. Provide confidence to internal management that quality requirements are being met. 4. Provide confidence to the customers that quality requirements are being met. 5. Provide confidence that quality system requirements are fulfilled.
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1.

Consists of three documents ISO 9000 Fundamentals and vocabulary. ISO 9001 Requirements. Organized in four sections: Management Responsibility; Resource Management; Product Realization; and Measurement, Analysis and Improvement. ISO 9004 Guidelines for performance improvements.
17

2.

3.

Principle 1: Customer Focus Principle 2: Leadership Principle 3: Involvement of people Principle 4: Process approach Principle 5: Systems approach for management Principle 6: Continual improvement Principle 7: Factual approach to decision making Principle 8: Mutually beneficial supplier relationships.

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TQM In The Strategic Management Process

1.Environmental Analysis and TQM 2.Organizational Direction and TQM 3.Strategi Formulation and TQM 4.Strategi Implementation and TQM 5.Strategi Control and TQM

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Menurut Hadari Nawawi (2005 : 138 141), beberapa sumber sumber kualitas dalam TQM: 1. Komitmen Pucuk Pimpinan (Kepala Sekolah) terhadap kualitas. 2. Sistem Informasi Manajemen. 3. Sumber daya Manusia yang potensial 4. Keterlibatan semua fungsi 5. Filsafat perbaikan kualitas secara berkesinambungan Dimensi kualitas : 1. Dimensi Kerja Organisasi 2. Iklim Kerja 3. Nilai tambah 4. Kesesuaian degan spesifikasi 5. Kualitas pelayanan dan daya tahan hasil pembagunan 6. Persepsi masyarakat

Menurut Hadari Nawawi (2005 : 138 141), beberapa sumber sumber kualitas dalam TQM: 1. Komitmen Pucuk Pimpinan (Kepala Sekolah) terhadap kualitas. 2. Sistem Informasi Manajemen. 3. Sumber daya Manusia yang potensial 4. Keterlibatan semua fungsi 5. Filsafat perbaikan kualitas secara berkesinambungan Dimensi kualitas : 1. Dimensi Kerja Organisasi 2. Iklim Kerja 3. Nilai tambah 4. Kesesuaian degan spesifikasi 5. Kualitas pelayanan dan daya tahan hasil pembagunan 6. Persepsi masyarakat

System MANAGEMENT OF PROCESS QUALITY

Driver
SENIOR EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT

CUSTOMER FOCUS AND SATISFACTION

STRATEGIC QUALITY PLANNING

INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS

QUALITY AND OPERATIONAL RESULTS

System Approach for TQM

24

Strategic Management and TQM Strategic Management of International Operations Strategic Management Social and Ethical Dimension

The Finance Function and Startegic Management Operations and Strategic Management
The Marketing Function and Startegic Management

Special Issues in Strategic Management

Critical Functions for Strategic Management

Social and Ethical Dimension

Stake Holder Responsibility

Social Responsibility

Infleunce on Bussines Practices

Managing Social Responsibility

1. To attempt to increase the value of the organization. 2. The supliers of mateial and resellers of product, to deal fairly with them 3. Lenders of capital to repay them 4. Government agencies and society, to abide by laws 5. Interest groups, to consider, their arguments. 6. Employesss and unions. To provide safe work, envirotments and recognize their right 7. Consumers, to provide safe products and market them effciently 8. Competitors, to avoid practices that restrain trade 9. Local communicaties and society at large, to avoid practices that harm the environment

Philantropic Responsibili ty

Legal Influence

Political Influence

Ethical Responsibilty

Legal Responsibilty Economic Responsibility

Business Practice/ Education Practice

Competitive Influence Ethical Influence

Environtmental Analysis Direction Strategi Formulation Staregi Implementation Startegic Control

and

Organizational

OPERATION AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

OPERATI ON

1. Operation Function : Providing a Product of Service 2. Other Function 3. The marketing Function 4. The Finance Function 5. Supporting function 6. Independence of Function 7. Manufcturing Function
1. Strategy Decicion for Operation 2. Product Design Manufacturing operations : capaciy, facilities, technology, vertical integration, work force, quaity, production planning material, organization structure
Non Manufacturing : the product, or out put, desired from the operation system of a non manufacturin.

OPERATI ON IN SATRETGI C MANAGE MENT

THE FINANCE FUNCTION AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

Financial Ratio Analysis Net Present Value Analysis

Break-Even Analysis

1. Liquidity Ratio 2. Activity Ratio 3. Profitability Ratios 4. Calculating Ratios 5. Comparing Ratios

Is a simple method for investigating the potential value of proposed investment Break even point (in units) = =Total Fixed Cost Contribution Margin = FC SP-VC

Can be used to investigate the value of a proposed investment to an organization or to compare alternative investment to determine which is better from a financial point of view

Startegic Marketing Process

Analyze Consumer / Product Relationship

Design a Marketing mix Strategy

Select Market Segmentation Strategi

Implement an Control the Marketing Strategy

THE MARKETING AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

1. Product Strategy 2. Strategy Product lives Commercialization Market Maturity Market decline/produc deletion 3. Reason for Product Succes :Competitive differential advantage 4. Pricing Strategy Consumer , organization and competitive Characteristic 5. Promotion Strategy Objectives, formulating and developing promotion budgets 6. Chanel Startegy Distribution coverage, Channel control, total distribution cost, chanel flexibility

1. Geographic Segmentation 2. Demographic Segmentation 3. Psycographic Segementation 4. Benefit Segmentation