PATHOLOGI ANATOMI II

SISTEM KARDIOVASKULER DAN SISTEM PERNAPASAN

Makmuri Yusuf, dr.,SpPA

Singkatan :
CHD ASD VSD PDA CA IHD AP MI CIHD SCD CHF HHD RHD IE CP = Congenital Heart Disease = Atrial Septal Defect = Ventricular Septal Defect = Patent Ductus Arteriosus = Coarctatio Aortae = Ischemic Heart Disease = Angina Pectoris = Myocardial Infarction = Cronic Ischemic Heart Disease = Sudden Cardiac Death = Congestive Heart Disease = Hypertensive Heart Disease = Rheumatic Heart Disease = Infective Endocarditis = Cor Pulmonale

JANTUNG
1. CHD
ASD : 1. Ostium Primum 2. Ostium Secundum 90% 3. Sinus Venosus VSD PDA CA : 1. Preductal 2. Postductal Tetralogy Fallot

JANTUNG
2. IHD
AP : 1. 2. 3. MI : 1. 2. Stable Prinzmentals Unstable Subendocardial Transmural

3. CIHD 4. SCD 5. CHF : 1. Left Sided Heart Failure 2. Right Sided Heart Failure 6. HHD

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

TETRALOGY FALLOT

ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE

Skema hubungan antara onstruksi kronik atherosclerotic thrombus dan myocardial infarction

MIKROSKOPIS MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

JANTUNG
7. RHD : 1. Fase Exudative 2. Fase Lesi Pathognomonic 3. Fase Fibrosis Progresive 8. IE : a. Acute b. Subacute 9. CP : a. Acute b. Chronic 10. Pericarditis : Acute : 1. Serosa 2. Serofibrinosa 3. Purulenta (supurativa) 4. Hemorrhagica Chronic : 1. Adhesive Mediastino (Healed) 2. Constrictive

11. Tumor jantung :

Jinak : 1. 2. Ganas : 1. 2. 3. 4. Myxoma Rhabdomyoma Angiosarcoma Rhabdomyosarcoma Mesothelioma Lymphoma

PEMBULUH DARAH
Arteri : a. Arteriosclerosis 1. Atherosclerosis 2. Monckebergs Medial Calcificsclerosis 3. Arterioloscerosis a. Hyaline b. Hyperplastic

PEMBULUH DARAH
Arteri : b. Vasculitis : 1. Polyarateritis Nodosa 2. Wageners Granulomatosis 3. Buergers Disease 4. Raynauds Disease c. Aortic Aneurysma : 1. Arteriosclerosis An 2. Syphilitic An 3. Dissecting An a. Type A (I + II) b. Type B (III)

Venna

: a. Varicose Veins b. Thrombophlebitis 1. Plegmasia Alba Dolens 2. Migratory Thrombophlebitis Lymphatic : a. Lymphangitis b. Lymphedema 1. Lymphedema Praecox 2. Milroys

PEMBULUH DARAH ARTERIOSCLEROSIS Lapisan dinding arteri

Skema Mekanisme Penebalan tunika intima

Pembentukkan Atheromatous Plaque

Arteriolosclerosis

Diagram : Jenis Lesi vasculitis berdasarkan ukuran arteri

Perjalanan arteriosclerosis sejak anak sampai tua dan komplikasinya

Aortic Aneurysma

Type A : Proksimal : Lesi aorta ascenden Type B : Distal : Lesi oarta descenden, abdominal

TUMOR
A. Jinak Hemangioma Capillare Hemangioma Covernosum Granuloma Pyogenicum Glomus Tumor Telangiectasis a. Nevvus Flammeus b. Spider Telangiectasis c. Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasis B. Borderline : Hemangioendothelioma C. Ganas : 1. Hemangiosarcoma 2. Hemangiopericytoma 3. KaposisSarcoma : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

TUMOR LYMPHATIC
A. Jinak : 1. Lymphangioma Capillare (simplex) 2. Liyphangioma Cavernosum (Cystic Hygroma) B. Ganas : Lymphangiosarcoma

SISTEM PERNAPASAN
A. Rongga Hidung dan Sinus :
Rhinitis dan Sinusitis : Polyp Rhinitis Sicca Mucocele

SISTEM PERNAPASAN B. Tumor :

Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Inverted Papilloma Epidermoid Carcinoma Isolated Plasmacytoma Olvactory Neuroblastoma (Esthesioneuroblastoma) Nasopharynx Carcinoma
Keratinizing Epidermoid Nonkeratinizing Epidermoid Undifferentiated

SISTEM PERNAPASAN
LARYNX :
a. Radang b. Tumor : Laryngitis :

1. Polyp larynx : Singer Node 2. Papilloma 3. Epidermoid Carcinoma

PARU
ANATOMI Bronchus Bronchioles Terminalbronchioles Terminal Respiratory Unit (Acinus) Terdiri dari : 1. Respiratory Broncioles 2. Alveolar Duct 3. Alveolar Sac Penyakit Asal Pembuluh Darah :
Bendungan Edema paru Emboli - Pendarahan - Infark Paru Hipertensi Pulmonal

PARU
ANATOMI Penyakit Asal Pembuluh Darah :
Centro Acinar (Centrolobular) Panacinar Paraseptal Irregular Jenis Lain (Compensatory, Senile, Bullous, Interstitial)

Chronic Bronchitis : Polusi Udara, Batuk > 3 Bulan

PARU

Trachea BU B1.2 Bi.1.2 TBr.1.2 RB1.2 A.D A.S

: : : : : : : :

Bronchus Utama Bronchus 1.2 Bronchioli 1.2 Terminal Bronchioli 1.2 Respiratory Bronchioli 1.2 Alveolar Duct Alveolar Sac

Jenis Emphysema

Infeksi Paru :
1. Bacterial Pneumonia :
a. Bronchopneumonia (Lobular Pneumonia) b. Lobar Pneumonia

2. Prmary Atypical Pneumonia 3. Abses Paru 4. Tuberculosis Paru :

a. TBC Primer b. TBC Sekunder c. TBC Late Progressive

Penyakit Paru Jenis Lain

Lipid Pneumonia Pneumoconiosis Anthracosis Silicosis Asbestosis

Tumor :
1. Bronchogenic Carcinoma
a. Epidermoid carcinoma (35 - 50%) b. Adenocarcinoma :
Bronchial Adeno ca. Bronchoalveolar ca.

c. Small Cell Ca. :

Oat Cell (Lymphocyte Like) Spindle (Polygonal Cell)

d. Large Cell Carcinoma

2. Bronchial Carcinoid

PLEURA
Pleura Effusion Radang , klasifikasi berdasarkan sifat exudate :
Pleuritis Serofibrinosa Pleuritis Suppurativa (Empyema) Pleuritis Hemorrhagica

PLEURA
Pneumothorax :
Spontaneus pn. Traumatic pn Theurapeutic pn Spontaneus Idiopathic pn Tension pn

Tumor :
Benign Mesothelioma (Pleural Fibroma) Mallignant Mesothelioma :
Type Sarccomatoid Type Epithelial