Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Development
instead of physical
Highly evolved business enterprises follow a
defined, precise & detailed development process. Some companies may not be able to describe their process
Every organization employs processes that are
Quality assurance. Specified phases and checkpoints assures quality of product Coordination. Devt plan acts as master plan, defining roles, timelines & coordinative actions Planning. Milestones marks the completion of each phase. Occurrence is set by devt plan Management. Devt process is a benchmark for assessment of ongoing devt effort. Actual events ranged against established process allow managers to identify possible problem areas Improvement. Careful documentation & ongoing review of a devt process and its results are tools to identify improvement opportunities
Planning
Concept Development. System-Level Design
Detail Design
Testing & Refinement Production Ramp-up
1 of 6 Stages: Planning
Planning aka The Zero Phase.
Precedes the project approval & launch of actual product devt
process Identifies Opportunity as guided by corporate strategy. Covers technology devt assessment & market objectives Project Mission Statement. Output of planning phase, Specifies target audience, business goals, key assumptions, and constraints Opportunity identification. Explains a process of gathering, evaluating and choosing from a broad range of product opportunities
2 of 6 Stages: Concept
Devt
Concept is a description of the form, function & features of a product that usually comes with a set of specifications, analysis of competitive products, and economic justification for the project
3 of 6 Stages: System-Level
Design
components
Initial production system plans and final assembly are defined in
this phase
Output is geometric layout of the product, a functional
specification of each of the subsystems, and a preliminary process flow diagram for the final assembly process
4 of 6 Stages: Detail
Design
all the unique parts in the product and the identification of all of the standard parts to be purchased from suppliers are dealt in this phase.
Process Plan established. Tooling is designed for each part to be
computer files describing the geometry of each part & its production tooling, specifications of the purchased parts, and the process plan for the products fabrication & assembly
Finalized in this stage are 3 critical product devt process issues:
5 of 6 Stages: Testing
& Refinement
preproduction versions
Alpha prototypes are built with production-intent parts or parts with
similar geometry & material properties as per the production version but not necessarily fabricated with the actual processes to be used in production. Alpha prototypes are tested to determine whether the product will work as designed and/or it satisfy key customer needs
Beta prototypes are usually built with parts supplied by the intended
processes but may not be assembled using the final assembly process. Beta prototypes are extensively evaluated internally and are typically tested by customers using their own environments. The goal for Beta prototypes is to answer performance & reliability questions in order to identify final engineering changes for the final product
6 of 6 Stages: Production
Ramp-up
The product is made using the intended production system to train the
workforce and work out any remaining problems in the production process
Products produced during this stage are sometimes supplied to
preferred customers and are carefully evaluated to identify any remaining flaws.
Transition from Production Ramp-up to actual production is usually
gradual. At some point during the transition, the product may be launched and made available for widespread distribution. Postlaunch Project Review are usually done after the launch.
Concept Development
The Front-End Process
Concept Generation
Concept Selection Concept Testing
constructed customer need statements, organized in hierarchical list, with importance weightings for many or all of the needs
description of what a product has to do. These are the customer needs translated into technical terms. Targets for the specifications are set early in the process and represents the hopes of the devt team.
each consisting of a metric, including marginal and ideal values of that metric.
Concept Generation
Includes external search,
creative problem solving within the team, and systematic exploration of the various solution fragments the team generates
GOAL: Thoroughly explore the
Concept Selection
Various product concepts
are analyzed and sequentially eliminated to identify the most promising concept or concepts. This usually require several reiterations and may initiate
additional concept
generation and refinement
Concept Testing
One or more concepts are tested
Project Planning
The final activity of concept devt where a
detailed devt sked is created, a strategys is devised to minimize devt time, and identify the resources required to complete the project.
Major results of front-end activities are
captured in a contract book, which contains the mission statement, the customer needs, details of the selected concept, product specifications, economic analysis of the product, the devt sked, project staffing and budget. The contract book serves to document the agreement between the devt team and the senior management of the enterprise
Economic Analysis
Supported by a financial analyst, the devt team builds an economic model
new product. It is also a rich source of ideas for the product and production process design. This is performed in support of many front-line activities
Stages of concept devt process involves various forms of models and prototypes. May include:
Proof-of-concept models. Helps in
demonstrating feasibility
Form-only models. Usually shown
trade-offs