Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

Workshop 4 Beam Modeling

Building Frame

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

Determine the defelections and stresses in a building frame due to gravity and a "snow load" of 0.25 psi. Given: A database file containing the geometry with material properties defined.

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
1. 2.

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

Enter ANSYS in the working directory specified by your instructor using bldg as the jobname. Resume the bldg-geom.db1 database file, then plot lines to see the complete geometry.

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Building Frame
3.
Main Menu > Preprocessor > -Beam- Common Sectns ID = 1, Name = column, Sub-Type = I W1 = 12, W2 = 12, W3 = 12.12, t1 = 0.605, t2 = 0.605, t3 = 0.39 [Apply] ID = 2, Name = girder, Sub-Type = I W1 = 10.425, W2 = 10.425, W3 = 16.97, t1 = 0.985, t2 = 0.985, t3 = 0.585 [Apply] ID = 3, Name = beam, Sub-Type = I W1 = 6.535, W2 = 6.535, W3 = 8.06, t1 = 0.465, t2 = 0.465, t3 = 0.285 [Apply] ID = 4, Name = peak, Sub-Type = (hollow rectangle) W1 = 6, W2 = 6, t1 = 0.25, t2 = 0.25, t3 = 0.25, t4 = 0.25 [OK] Toolbar > SAVE_DB

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

Define three I-beam sections and one box-beam section, then save the database.

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
3. (cont'd)
Or issue: SECTYPE,1,BEAM,I,COLUMN SECDATA,12,12,12.12,.605,.605,.39 SECTYPE,2,BEAM,I,GIRDER SECDATA,10.425,10.425,16.97,.985,.985,.585 SECTYPE,3,BEAM,I,BEAM SECDATA,6.535,6.535,8.06,.465,.465,.285 SECTYPE,4,BEAM,HREC,PEAK SECDATA,6,6,.25,.25,.25,.25,0,0,0,0 SAVE

Workshop Supplement

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
4. Mesh the vertical lines with "column" beams.
Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Change Active CS to > Global Cartesian Utility Menu > Select > Entities... Choose Lines, By Location, Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 0, 119 From Full, [Apply], [Replot] Element Attributes: set to [Lines] and press [Set] [Pick All] MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 1, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

Main Menu > Preprocessor > MeshTool

Enter 102 in the Input Window for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] [Pick All] NDIV = 4, then [OK] Mesh: set to [Lines] and press [Mesh] [Pick All]

Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Size and Shape ...
/ESHAPE = 1 [OK]

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
4. (cont'd)
Or issue: CSYS,0 LSEL,S,LOC,Z,0,119 LATT,1,,1,,102,,1 LESIZE,ALL,,,4 LMESH,ALL /ESHAPE,1 EPLOT

Workshop Supplement

001290 12 Dec 1999 W4-7

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
5. Mesh the horizontal lines with "girder" beams.
Select Entities: Choose Lines, By Location, Y Coordinates; Min, Max = 480 From Full, [Apply], [Replot] Min, Max = 240 Also Select, [Apply], [Replot] Min, Max = 0 Also Select, [Apply], [Replot] Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 0,119 Unselect, [Apply], [Replot] Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] [Pick All] MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 2, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] Enter 101 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] [Pick All] NDIV = 6, then [OK] Press [Mesh] [Pick All]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

MeshTool:

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
5. (cont'd)
Or issue: LSEL,S,LOC,Y,480 LSEL,A,LOC,Y,240 LSEL,A,LOC,Y,0 LSEL,U,LOC,Z,0,119 LATT,1,,1,,101,,2 LESIZE,ALL,,,6 LMESH,ALL

Workshop Supplement

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
6. Mesh the sloping lines with "peak" beams.
Select Entities: Choose Lines, By Location, Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 121, 165 From Full, [Apply]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

Utility Menu > Plot > Lines MeshTool: Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] [Pick All] MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 2, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] Enter 103 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] [Pick All] NDIV = 4, then [OK] Press [Mesh] [Pick All] Or issue: LSEL,S,LOC,Z,121,165 LATT,1,,1,,103,,4 LESIZE,ALL,,,4 LMESH,ALL

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
7. Mesh the remaining lines with "beam" beams.
Select Entities: Choose Lines, By Attributes, Section ID num; Min, Max = 1,4 From Full, [Apply], [Invert]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

Utility Menu > Plot > Lines MeshTool: Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] [Pick All] MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 3, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] Enter 101 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] [Pick All] NDIV = 6, then [OK] Press [Mesh] [Pick All] Or issue: LSEL,S,SEC,,1,4 LSEL,INVE LATT,1,,1,,101,,3 LESIZE,ALL,,,6 LMESH,ALL

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
8. Finally, mesh the roof areas with surface effect elements.
MeshTool: Element Attributes: set to [Global]: press [Set] TYPE = 2, MAT = 1, ESYS = 0, SECNUM = "No Section" [OK] Mesh: set to [Areas] Shape: set to "Quad" and "Free" Press [Mesh]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

[Pick All] Or issue: TYPE,2 SECNUM,0 AMESH,ALL

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
9. Fix the base nodes (the nodes at Z=0) in all directions.
Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > Gravity

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

10. Load step 1: Apply gravity loading in the Z-direction.

ACELZ = 386

[OK] Or issue: ACEL,,,386

11. Select everything, save the database, and solve load step 1. During solution, you will see several "Zero pivot" messages in the ANSYS Output window for nodes that are between the beams and are part of the surface effect elements. These messages are acceptable because surface effect elements, by definition, have no stiffness and simply act as a conduit for surface loads.

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
12. Load step 2: Apply the pressure load on all surface effect elements.
Select Entities: Choose Elements, By Attributes, Elem type num; Min, Max = 2 From Full, [Apply], [Replot] [Pick All] LKEY = 5 VALUE = 0.25 VAL2, VAL3, VAL4 = 0, 0, -1 [OK] /PBC = All Applied BC's /PSF = Pressures

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > Pressure > On Elements +

Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Symbols

Show pres and convect as = Arrows Or issue: ESEL,S,TYPE,,2 SFE,ALL,5,PRES,,0.25,0,0,-1 /PSF,PRES,,2 EPLOT

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
13. Select everything, save the database, and solve load step 2.

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

14. Enter POST1 (General Postprocessor) and read results for load step 1 (first set). 15. Unselect the surface effect elements (elements of type 2) and plot the deformed shape.

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
16. Read results for load step 2 (next set) and plot the deformed shape. If desired, animate the deformed shape.

Workshop Supplement

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

17. Reselect elements with Section ID = 1 (columns) and plot SX stresses (i.e., axial + bending stresses). 18. For clarity, turn off element outlines.
Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Edge Options /GLINE = None /REPLOT = Replot

[OK] Or issue: /GLINE,,-1 /REPLOT

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
19. Plot SX stresses for the "girder" beams (section ID = 2).

Workshop Supplement

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
20. Plot SX stresses for the "beam" beams (section ID = 3).

Workshop Supplement

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
21. Plot SX stresses for the "peak" beams (section ID = 4). 22. Finally, exit ANSYS without saving anything.

Workshop Supplement

001290 12 Dec 1999 W4-20

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 5.6 - Part 2