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Circulatory Systems
Introduction Components of circulatory systems Fluid - contains transport molecules and cells (blood or hemolymph) Pump - to move the fluid around Conduits (vessels) - to carry the fluid between pump and body tissues
Cellular elements
In hemolymph
Hemocytes - various cell types Responsible for immune functions, clotting, oxygen transport Blood Erythrocytes - red blood cells for transporting oxygen Leukocytes - white blood cells for immune response Thrombocytes for platelets - for clotting
Pacemaker potential
Decrease in outward K+ current Constant inward Na+ current Increase in inward Ca++ current
Depolarization
Circulatory Pumps Action Potential and Tension Development in Cardiac Contractile Muscle Cell Refractory period Tetanus
Circulatory Pumps
Nor(epinephrine)
heart rate via pacemaker cells
Positive chronotropic effect