PEM-II unit-IV

Global Issues & Engineers Roles

Topics covered in this Unit (1)

Global Issues
Multinational Corporations Environmental Ethics

Engineers as
Managers Advisors Expert Witnesses

Moral Leadership

Topics covered in this Unit (2)

Code of Ethics of Professional Bodies Unethical Practices
Bribery, Grease & Extortion Nepotism & Paternalism Excessive Gifts Different Business Practices Negotiating Taxes (Tax Evasion)

Read
Textbook 1 Ethics in Engineering
Martin & Schinzinger Chapters 7, 8 & 10

Textbook 2 Engineering Ethics

Harris & Rabins Chapter 10

Global Issues
Multinational Corporations Environmental Ethics

Multinational Corporations
Loss of job in homeland
Offshore operations & Outsourcing

Local Customs, Traditions, Religions & Politics Adjustment to Foreign Culture & Customs

International Rights
Freedom of physical movement Own property Freedom from torture/harassment Fair Trial Non-discriminatory Treatment Physical Security Minimal Education Subsistence

Environmental Ethics
Pollution
Air Water Noise

Bhopal Gas Tragedy Chernobyl Atomic Reactor Tragedy Acid Rain, Asbestos, Carbon Monoxide

Engineers Roles
Manager Advisor Expert Witness Leader

Engineers as Managers
Why engineer as manager ?
Quantitative Analysis Skills Work Ethic Confidence in Problem Solving

Promoting Ethical Climate Conflict Resolution

Guidelines for Conflict Resolution

Separate people from the problem Focus on interests, not on positions Consider all possibile courses of action, and their pros & cons, before deciding what to do Insist that the result of conflict resolution be based on some objective standard

Engineers as Advisors
Technical Consultants Feasibility Studies Advertising Competitive Bidding Trouble-shooting Advisors in Planning & Policy-Making

Engineers as Expert Witnesses

Expert in Technical & Engineering Matters Witness in Courts, in situations involving technical complexity Value-guided Advocates Value-Neutral Analysts

Misuse of Expertise
Bias
Financial Ego Sympathy Loyalty

Engineers as Leaders
Technical Leadership Creative Leadership Moral Leadership

Codes of Ethics of Professional Bodies

Institution of Engineers (IE, India) Institution of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineers (IETE, India) Institution of Electrical & Electronic Engineers (IEEE, USA)

Unethical Practices
Bribery, Grease, Excessive Gifts Extortion Nepotism, Paternalism Tax Evasion

Unethical Business Practices

Industrial Espionage Obtaining Design Drawings, Formulae & Business Plans by unscrupulous means Denial of due Facilities/Compensation to employees Insurance Fraud Tax Evasion

Unethical Business Practices

Hoarding & creating artificial scarcity, to increase selling price Using sub-standard materials in the manufacturing/constructing/fabricating process Short-selling the customer (jinxing the scales to show more weight of good sold)

End of unit-IV wish you Good Luck in your Exams