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Activity
In your books, create a Venn-diagram to show the relationships among parallelograms, rhombuses, rectangles and squares.
Activity
In your books, create a Venn-diagram to show the relationships among parallelograms, rhombuses, rectangles, and squares.
Parallelograms
Rhombuses Rectangles
Squares
Definitions
A square is a quadrilateral with all sides equal and all angles equal. A rhombus is a parallelogram with all sides equal. A parallelogram is a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel and consequently equal in length. A rectangle is a parallelogram with an interior angle of 90.
9:30 - 11:00
to revisit areas and perimeters of 2D shapes to address some of the misconceptions pupils have related to these concepts
Perimeter
To find the perimeter of a shape we add together the length of all the sides.
Starting point
3 2 3 1 1 Perimeter = 3 + 3 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 2 = 12 cm
2
1 cm
7
Equal perimeters
Which shape has a different perimeter from the first shape?
Area of a rectangle
The area of a shape is a measure of how much surface the shape takes up. Area is measured in square units.
For example, we can use mm2, cm2, m2 or km2. The 2 tells us that there are two dimensions involved, length and width. We can find the area of a rectangle by multiplying the length and the width of the rectangle together. length, l Area of a rectangle width, w = length width = lw
Area of a triangle
The area of any triangle can be found using the formula: 1
Area of a triangle =
perpendicular height
base
1
2
bh GSP interactive
10
10 cm
6 cm
Area =
1 2 1 2
base height
86
= 24 cm2
11
h b h b a h b
Area of a triangle =
1 2
bh
Area of a parallelogram = bh
Area of a trapezium
1 2
76 cm
518 mm
1.24 m
Area of the trapezium = (76 + 124) 51.8
= 200 51.8 = 5180 cm2
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Misconceptions in geometry
Areas and perimeters
Language confusion
Forgetting which formula refers to which idea for a particular shape Thinking that the perimeter and area are in some way interrelated Cognitive Conflict needed!
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