Human Transport

The Circulatory System

 Transport Vessels
 Arteries
 Thick walled,
muscular blood
vessels
 Move blood away
from the heart
 Pulse is the
contraction of
muscular walls to
aid in the blood flow
 Capillaries
 Found at the end of
small arteries and
beginning of small
veins.
 One cell thick
 Exchange of dissolved
materials between
blood and inter-
cellular fluid
surrounding all body
cells through diffusion
 99% of all blood
vessels are capillaries
 Veins
 Thin walled blood vessels possessing
valves to prevent back flow
 Return blood to heart
The Heart
 The Heart
 The sides of the
heart are labeled
based on what side
of your body they
are on, not the side
from the person
facing you.
 The Vena Cava
 Blood enters the
heart from the
body through the
anterior and Vena
superior Vena cava

Cava.
 These are depicted
as blue because
they are poor in
oxygen and high in
carbon dioxide.
 The Right Atrium
 Blood then enters
the right atrium
 The Right Ventricle
 Blood is then
pushed through
the tricuspid valve
into the right
ventricle
 The Pulmonary Artery
 Blood is then pushed out the right ventricle into the
pulmonary artery through a pulmonary valve.
 The pulmonary artery takes the blood to the lungs where it
will get rid of the carbon dioxide and replenish itself with
oxygen
 Pulmonary Vein
 Bloodthen returns to the Heart from the
lungs through the pulmonary vein
 Left side of the heart
 As with the right
side of the heart,
blood will pump
into the left atrium,
then through the
mitrial valve into
the left ventricle.
 This blood is red
indicating that it is
rich in oxygen
 The Aorta
 Blood is then
pumped through
the aortic valve
into the aorta
which brings the
blood to the whole
body
 Blood Pressure
 Blood pressure is
created by the
beating of the
heart
 The heart beat is
described as LUB
DUB
 First the atria
contract and then
the ventricles
contract after them
 Blood Pressure
 Your Blood pressure consists of two
numbers
 Systole- the pressure during the
contraction of the ventricles
 Diastole- pressure normally exerted
on arterial walls.
 Your blood pressure is your systole
over your diastole, with an average
persons standing pressure of 120/80
 Different Circulations
 Pulmonary Circulation – circulation to
and from the lungs
 Systemic circulation – to and from
the rest of the body
 Coronary circulation – provides blood
to the muscle and the tissue of the
heart
 Lymphatic circulation – drains body
tissue fluid into lymph vessels
 The lymphatic System
 Small tubes that are one cell thick
 Collect fluid that was released by blood in
to ICF
 These small tubes reabsorb the liquid lost
by the blood, and then the liquid is called
lymph.
 The lymph is then carried to veins near the
heart and put back into the blood.
 Lymph nodes contain phagocytic cells
which filter bacteria and dead cells from
the lymph.
 Malfunctions
 High Blood pressure
 Cardiovascular disease
 Coronary Thrombosis: Blockage of
coronary artery
 Angina Pectoris: narrowing of coronary
arteries
 Anemia: impaired ability to carry oxygen
 Leukemia: Production of non functional
white blood cells
 AIDS