Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Operations Management
High
Transnational Strategy Move resources, idea across national boundaries Economies of Scale Cross Cultural Learning EXAMPLES Nestle Coca Cola
International Strategy Import/export or license existing product EXAMPLES Harley Davidson Apple Products
Multi Domestic Strategy Use existing domestic model globally Franchise, JV, subsidiaries EXAMPLES MC Donald Cars
High
Process Design
High
Variety of Products
Process-focused JOB SHOPS (Print shop, emergency room, machine shop, finedining restaurant)
Moderate
Product focused
CONTINUOUS (steel, beer, paper, bread, institutional kitchen)
Product Decision
Good Operations Managers try to integrate and develop strong communication among customer, product, processes and suppliers that results in high success rate for their new products. An effective product strategy, links product decision with investment, market share, and product life cycle, and defines the breadth of the product line.
Objective of the Product Decision is to develop and implement a product strategy that meet the demands of the market place with a competitive advantage.
Value Analysis
Is the item necessary? Does it add value? Are there any alternative sources? Is there any substitute at low cost but with same quality? Can two or more parts / assemblies be combines?
Design for Operations Considering overall capabilities of the organization in designing goods and services.
6. 7. 8. 9.
Reliability, Failure and Normal Operating Conditions Robust Design Degree of Newness Cultural Differences
Idea generation Assessment of firms ability to carry out Customer Requirements Functional Specification Scope of design for Product Specifications manufacturability and Design Review value engineering Test Market teams Introduction to Market Evaluation
QFD helps in, Determining what will satisfy the customer and where and how to deploy quality efforts.
Customer requirements
Relationship matrix
Competitive assessment
QFD House of Quality Sequence indicates how to deploy resources to achieve customer requirements
Identify customer wants Identify how the good / service will satisfy customer wants Relate customer wants to product hows Identify relationships between the firms hows Develop importance ratings Evaluate competing products Determine the desirable technical attributes, your performance, and the competitors performance against these attributes.
Youve been assigned temporarily to a QFD team. The goal of the team is to develop a new camera design. Build a House of Quality.
1984-1994 T/Maker Co.
X Water resistance
Engineering Characteristics
Competitive evaluation
X = Us A = Comp. A B = Comp. B (5 is best) 1 2 3 4 5
Customer Requirements Easy to close Stays open on a hill Easy to open Doesnt leak in rain No road noise 7 5 3 3 2
X X AB
AB
XAB A XB X A B
Importance weighting
10
Reduce energy level to 7.5 ft/lb
6
Maintain current level
6
Reduce force to 9 lb.
9
Reduce energy to 7.5 ft/lb.
2
Maintain current level
3
Maintain current level
Relationships:
Strong = 9 Medium = 3
Target values
Small = 1
5 4 3 2 1
B A X
BA X
B A X
B X A
BXA
BA X
Kano Model
Kano Model
Customer Satisfaction
Customer Needs
3. Use of Teams: Product Development Teams, Design for Manufacturability Teams, Value Engineering Teams
1. Also called as Cross Functional Teams 2. Use of such teams is also called as Concurrent Engineering (Bringing together of engineering design and manufacturing personnel early in the design phase.)
Benefits:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Reduced complexity of the product Additional standardization of components: Improvement of functional aspects of the product: Improved Job Design and Job Safety Improved Maintainability (or Serviceability) of a product Robust Design
Robust Design
The product is designed so that small variations in production or assembly do not adversely affect the product. A design that can be produced to requirements even with unfavorable conditions in the production process.
A Design that results in products or services that can function over a broad range of conditions.
Modular Design
Modular design is a form of standardization in which component parts are subdivided into modules that are easily replaced or interchanged.
It allows:
Ethical Approach:
View the products from the systems perspective Impact of product on the entire economy. Life cycle view of the product from design to disposition.
Make products recyclable Use recycled materials Use less harmful ingredients Use lighter components Use less energy Use less material
Reverse Engineering
Thank You