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Liaqat Ali Mohsin Yassar Subhani Faisal Mehmood Shahid Rashid Qasim Ali Muhammad Naveed Akhtar
Structuralism
European
1920s
North American
1930s 1960s
European Structuralism
Main tenets
1) Language has a structure 2) Language is a system of signs 3) Language operates at two levels: langue and parole 4) Studied diachronically (specific time) 5) Holistic Approach, study as a whole 6) Underlying System is studied 7) Focus on unobservable data Ferdinand de Saussure
1857 - 1913
American Structuralism
Main tenets
1) Linguistics is a descriptive science. 2) The primary form of language is the spoken one.
6) The procedures to determine the units in language should be objective and rigorous.
7) Language is observable speech, not knowledge.
Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy; And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy.
Visible Static Calm The bed Crimson Joy Life Fade out
Fade out
O Rose, thou art sick! The invisible worm, That flies in the night, In the howling storm,
2.
3.
Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy; And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy.
4.
Of crimson joy;
1. Red as a symbol of happiness. Bloodshed as well. Birth
10. Deconstruction of Derrida, no exact opposition possible 11. Reader centered rather writer centered
Has found out thy bed Of crimson joy; And his dark secret love Does thy life destroy.
1. Allusion to Devil and spoiling human ecstasy 2. Lyrical poem and its background 3. Poet being a painter 4. Sexual interpretation, rose as feminine and worm as masculine 5. Use of present tense 6. Use of punctuations 7. Narrative Poem 8. Life history and style of the poet 9. Spring season