LEARNING OBJECTIVE

UNDERSTAND THE APPLICATION OF FRICTIONAL FORCE

SUCCESS CRITERIA :
YOU ARE SUCCESSFUL IF YOU CAN :
i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi.

Explain with examples the existence of frictional force State the direction and the magnitude of frictional force Explain the advantages and disadvantages of friction Explain ways to increase friction Explain ways to reduce friction Explain with examples the application of friction in daily life

7.3 Application of frictional Force

Frictional force

occurs

whenever two surfaces are in contact with each other.

is in opposite direction to the moving object

and it is parallel to the surface.

Has direction and magnitude.

What are the activities that shows the existence of invisible frictional force?
Run Pedalling a bicycle Walk

 To measure the magnitude and identify the direction of

the frictional force

Pull

Surface of table

Frictional force

The Advantages of Friction

Friction enables ;

- A person to walk or run without slipping - Shoes grip the ground

- A person to hold things steady on hand

- A vehicles to slowed down and stop when the brake is apply

- A ladder to lean against the wall and prevent it from sliding

 Friction also can produce sound.

Musical instrument like violin and guitar produce

sound through friction.

The Disadvantages of Friction

Friction produced heat which can over heat

and damage a machine

Friction slow down movement

 Friction wears away materials like the soles of

shoes and tyres.

Worn out tyres are dangerous because they slip and cause vehicles to skid easily, causing accidents.

How friction can be reduced?

There are some ways to reduced friction,

such as ; Use wheel Apply lubricating oil or grease between the surfaces in contact Use air cushion to prevents contact between two surface Use the ball bearing in axles of vehicles.

How friction can be increase ?

Use rough surface

Factors that effects frictional force

The rougher the two surfaces are, the

greater the frictional force acts.

The heavier the objects, the greater the

frictional force acts.

Application of increased friction

We need to increase friction to;
Slow down moving objects more quickly.

Hold things more firmly.

Grips surfaces better.

The application of increased friction;

Rubber pads or knobs are fixed to the bases of

many household appliances like telephones, televisions, electrical kettles and rice cookers to prevent them from slipping while use.

Tyres and shoes are given deep treads or grooves for

a good grip on slippery surfaces.

Brake pads are used on wheels to slow down and or

stop vehicles.
Rough surfaces on staircases and floors prevent us

from slipping while walking or running on them.

Application of decreased friction

We need to reduced friction to;
Move things more easily Reduce the heat produced by rubbing parts. Slide things over each other more easily.

The application of decreased friction ;

Round and smooth spherical objects like

roller or ball bearings reduced friction. They are placed around the axles

Streamlined shape reduces friction, allowing objects

to move easily through liquids and gases.

A layer of air between two contact surfaces reduces

friction. The layer of air between the hull of hydrofoil and the water allows the hydrofoil to move at high speeds.

 A conveyor belt moves on wheels or rollers to reduce

friction. It is used in airports to transport luggage and in factories to move goods and heavy objects.

Lubricants such as oil and grease can reduce friction when applied between contact surfaces. Lubricants are also applied on moving parts inside car engines to reduces friction.