RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Definition and Functions

Definition
Respiratory

system is called the set of organs involved in breathing. uses pulmonary respiration.

Man

Set: conjunto

Breathing

Respiration is the process used by living organisms to absorb and expel air. his air has several components that serves our body li!e oxygen and others not li!e carbon dioxide.

Several: varios "xpel: expulsar

Functions

he main function is the exchange of gases bet#een the body and the atmosphere.

"xchange: intercambio

 $ulmonary

ventilation.% Bet#een the main movements of ventilation are: inspiration and expiration.

&nspiration and expiration

inspiration

he diaphragm contracts and descends' the intercostal muscles contract and the ribs are elevated and directed for#ard. he volume of the thoracic cage increases' lungs s#ell and oxygen laden air enters the lungs.

Ribs: costillas (ugs: pulmones

"xpiration

he diaphragm relaxes and rises) also intercostal muscles relax and the ribs are depressed. decreases the volume of the thoracic cage and the air laden #ith carbon dioxide from the lungs.

*onse+uently'

Rises: asciende &ntercostal: intercostales (aden: cargado de

,thers functions

-ervous system regulation ransport of gases all over the body. .as diffusion through the barrier hematogaseosa

/ll over: por todo

$/R S

airways

PHARYNX: FARINGE LARYNX: LARINGE AIRWAYS: VAS RESPIRATORIAS

NASAL CAVITY
NOSTRIL:

PITUITARY MEMBRANE 0 Warm 0 Moisten

MOISTEN: HUMEDECER PITUITARY MEMBRANE: MEMBRANA PITUITARIA NOSTRIL: FOSAS NASALES

PHARYNX

respiratory alimentary
NASOPHARYNX: NASOFARINGE OROPHARYNX: OROFARINGE LARYNGOPHARYNX: LARINGOFARINGE

LARYNX
Obstructs passage of

the bolus at the time of s allo i!g

cartilaginous

material
Protects Warm Moisten

SWALLOWING: DEGLUCIN

TRACHEA

incomplete cartilage tracheal muscle

CRICOID CARTILAGE: CARTLAGO CRICOIDES

Bronchi

Branch off

air tubes

Branch: ramificandose

Trachea

left bronchus

divides

made of c-shaped tracheal ring

right bronchus
Rings: anillos Wider: mas amplio Main: pricipal Within: dentro Draws: aspira allow us: nos permitira coughing: tos sneezing: estornudar.

shorter and wider 3 2 subdivided

Bronchioles:
tiny branch of air tubes

within the lungs

connect

tiny: in!sculo within: "entro draws: as#irar

$

"raws air trachea

cycle continues successi&ely res#iration #rocess

bronchi bronchioles al&eoli

returns in the for of carbon "io%i"e

allow us: nos #er itir' Snee ing: tos coughing: estornu"ar$

Lungs
the main organs

chest cavity spongy, air-filled organs

thin layer of tissue

Spongy: esponjoso air-filled organs: rganos llenos de aire tissue: tejido both: ambos chest ca ity: cavidad torcica

allow the lungs to expand and contract with ease

breathed out

oxygen is taken

picking up
breathed out: exhalando red blood cells: globulos rojos blood strea!: corriente sanguinea

Al&eoli

ter inal en"s

outcro# fro
pulmonary al!eoli: al&(olos #ul onares terminal ends: " e%tre os ter inales

respiratory tree: 'rbol res#iratorio

Inspiration and exhalation process

)hen the "ia#hrag contracts an" o&es "ownwar"* the #ectoralis inor uscle an" intercostal ribs #resse" out$ The thoracic ca&ity an" air e%#an"s ra#i"ly enters the lungs through the trachea to fill the resulting &acuu $
Downwar" : +acia Aba,o Ribs : Costillas Lungs: -ul ones .acuu : .acio

Ins#iration

E%halation

/#war"ly: +acia arriba

)hen the "ia#hrag rela%es a"o#ts its nor al #osition* u#war"ly cur&e"* then the lungs constrict an"

#i$$erence %etween inspiration and e&piration' 0This occurs within the res#iratory syste $ During ins#iration* the intercostal uscles contract* the "ia#hrag "escen"s* an" the rib cage rises$ 0E%#iration the intercostal uscles rela%* the "ia#hrag rises* an" the rib cage "escen"s$