Prepared by: Engr. Cielito V.

Maligalig

Compressibility of soil
Cause of compression
Deformation of soil particles Relocation of soil particles Expulsion of water or air from the void spaces.

Compressibility of Soil
Immediate settlement - caused by the elastic deformation of dry soil and of moist and saturated soils without any change in moisture content. Primary consolidation settlement - result of a volume change in saturated cohesive soils because of expulsion of the water that occupies the void spaces. Secondary consolidation settlement observed in cohesive soils and is the result of the plastic adjustment of soils fabric.

Compressibility of Soil

Immediate settlement

Immediate settlement

Immediate settlement

Example

Primary consolidation
Normally consolidated the effective overburden pressure is maximum pressure that the soil was subjected to in the past. Over-consolidated whose present effective overburden pressure is less than that which the soil experienced in the past. And the past effective pressure is considered as preconsolidation pressure.

Primary consolidation
For normally consolidated: For over-consolidated:

Primary consolidated

Example

Example

Secondary consolidation settlement

Secondary consolidation settlement

Example

Time rate of consolidation

Important assumption: