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Presentation overview
What is Climate Change? What is Climate Change? Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Climate Change Scenario for Groundwater in Climate Change Scenario for Groundwater in India Status of Research Studies Status of Research Studies Methodology to Assess the Impact of Climate Methodology to Assess the Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Resources Change on Groundwater Resources

Concluding Remarks Concluding Remarks

Definition of Climate Change

Any change climate over time,wheather due to natural variability or from human activity. In other words; Change og climate attributed directly pr indirectly to human activity that : Alters composition of global atmosphere Is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time period.

LOBAL IRCULATION

ODES

Formulated to simulate climate sensitivity to increasedconcentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbondioxide, methane and nitrous oxide.

GLOBAL CLIMATE MODALS (GCMs)

DIVIDE THE GLOBE INTO LARGE SIZE GRIDS PHYSICAL EQUATIONS LOTS OF COMPUTING PREDICT THE CLIMATOLOGICAL VARIABLES

Global Climate Models translated to local impacts

Five step process outlined by Glieck (1999)& Frederick (1999) Look at several Global Climate Models (Look at several Global Climate Models (GCMs ) and look for consensus & ranges. Downscale to level needed using quantile mapping Apply impact ranges to hydrologic modeling Develop systems simulation models Assessment of the results (historic and GCMs GCMs at representative time frames.

OVERVIEW OF CLIMATE CHANGE PROBLEM

Underground water

Desalination

Treated wastewater / Rainfall

The Water cycle

Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater

According to the Technical Paper VI (2008) of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the best-estimate in global surface temperature from1906 to 2005 is a warming of 0.74C (likely range 0.56 to 0.92C), with a more rapid warming trend over the past 50 years. Temperature increases also affect the hydrologic cycle by directly increasing evaporation of available surface water and vegetation transpiration. Consequently, these changes can influence precipitation amounts, timings and intensity rates, and indirectly impact the flux and storage of water in surface and subsurface reservoirs (i.e., lakes, soil moisture, groundwater). In addition, there may be other associated impacts, such as sea water intrusion, water quality deterioration, potable water shortage, etc.

While climate change affects surface water resources directly through changes in the major long-term climate variables such as air temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration, the relationship between the changing climate variables andgroundwater is more complicated and poorly understood. The greater variability in rainfall could mean more frequent andprolonged periodsof high or low groundwater levels, and saline intrusion in coastal aquifers due to sealevel rise and resource reduction. Groundwater resources are related to climate change through thedirectinteraction with surface water resources, such as lakes and rivers, and indirectlythrough the recharge process. The direct effect of climate change on groundwater resources depends upon thechange in the volume and distribution of groundwater recharge.

Coastal aquifers are important sources of freshwater. However, salinity intrusion can be a major problem in these zones. Changes in climatic variables can significantly alter groundwater recharge rates for major aquifer systems and thus affect the availability of fresh groundwater. A link between rising sea level and changes in the water balance is suggested by a general description of the hydraulics of groundwater discharge at the coast. To assess the impacts of potential climate change on fresh groundwater resources, we should focus on changes in groundwater recharge and sea level rise on the loss of fresh groundwater resources in water resources stressed coastal aquifers.

The problem of water shortage in the region has already reached an alarming level :

Limited ground water source. High cost of constructing / maintenance of the Desalination plants. The low quality of Treated wastewater Rainfall is infrequent Lack of renewable water resources

 Climate change ( Desalination process ) Dryness/ drought

Over Population
Over Exploitation in form of Irrigation

 Proper management of water purification plants Cloud seeding Liable water-storage project Promoting Rain Water Harvesting New methods of Irrigation such as DRIP IRRIGATION

Presented By: