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What is a differential?
Differential is a device capable of transmitting torque and rotation through three shafts, almost always used in one of two ways. In one of these, it receives one input and provides two outputs; this is found in most automobiles. In an automobile and other wheeled vehicles, the differential allows each of the driving wheels to rotate at different speeds, while supplying equal torque to each of them.
Purpose of a differential
The differential is found on all modern cars and trucks, and also in many all-wheeldrive vehicles. These all-wheel-drive vehicles need a differential between each set of drive wheels, and they need one between the front and the back wheels as well, because the front wheels travel a different distance through a turn than the rear wheels.
Fortunately, the automobile differential solves this problem with only one transmission and one drive shaft for both driven wheels.
Parts of a differential
Differential
Automobile Differential in Unigraphics We scaled and normalized the dimensions we have gathered for easier drawing experience in Unigraphics.
Automobile Transmission
Using the principle of mechanical advantage, transmissions provide a speed-torque conversion (commonly known as "gear reduction" or "speed reduction") from a higher speed motor to a slower but more forceful output or vice-versa.
Autmobile Transmission
Most modern gearboxes either reduce an unsuitable high speed and low torque of the prime mover output shaft to a more stable lower speed with higher torque, or do the opposite and provide a mechanical advantage (i.e increase in torque) to allow higher forces to be generated.
Autmobile Transmission
Manual transmission come in two basic types: Sliding-mesh Constant-mesh
Automobile Transmission
Sliding-mesh or unsynchronized / non-synchronous system, where straight-cut spur gear sets are spinning freely, and must be synchronized by the operator matching engine revs to road speed, to avoid noisy and damaging "gear clash"
Automobile Transmission
Constant-mesh gearboxes which can include non-synchronised, or synchronized/synchromesh systems, where diagonal cut helical (and sometimes double-helical) gear sets are constantly "meshed" together, and a dog clutch is used for changing gears. On synchromesh boxes, friction cones or "synchro-rings" are used in addition to the dog clutch.
Automobile transmission