DIESEL ENGINE DESIGN METHODOLOGY

Methodology
When Power and rated speed is known The below parameters need to be defined. 1. Torque curve --------As per application and requirement the Torque curve to be finalized (Torque backup % required) 2. Fuelling curve -------- to be decided

3. Swept Volume -------- to achieve a A/F ratio not less than 19 or else smoke will be observed.

Bore X stroke No of Cylinders

4. BMEP / Peak cylinder Pressure :-

Engine maximum BMEP reflects the structural capability to sustain peak cylinder pressure and thermal load. Increasing cylinder bore diameter can increase engine power at a given BMEP.

5. The mean piston speed is a critical parameter affecting engine performance, durability and reliability. It needs to be selected with great care. Increase in MPS will increase the dynamic forces and moments and this will affect bearings, bearing bolts etc. If MPS is high time available for fuel consumption is less.

Terminologies and significance

1. The number of cylinders, which affects the compactness of the engine and torque balance. 2. Engine displacement, which affects engine power density. 3. Cylinder centerline distance, conrod length, and piston compression height. 4. Engine cylinder bore diameter, which affects engine weight and wear. 5. Engine stroke, which affects stroke-to-bore ratio, mean piston speed, engine speed, and engine friction. 6. Stroke-to-bore ratio, which affects bore, stroke, engine speed, combustion chamber clearance, emissions, and heat rejection. 7. Engine compression ratio, which affects emissions, thermodynamic cycle efficiency, peak cylinder pressure, engine friction, and cold start.

Page:-1

8. 9. 10. 11.

12. 13.

14.

Rated power, which usually determines the most severe thermomechanical condition for structural design. Rated BMEP, which is the rated torque per engine displacement volume and is comparable for different engine sizes. Rated speed, which affects engine rated power and engine transmission matching for vehicles. Rated mean piston speed, which affects the gas-flow velocities in the intake/exhaust ports and the cylinder, the thermal load and inertia load in components, engine friction, and wear. Peak torque, which determines the torque backup and turbine area. Peak torque speed, which affects the speed reserve and engine transmission matching. Peak BMEP, which is the peak torque per engine displacement volume and is comparable for different engine sizes.
Page:-2

15. The coefficient of torque backup, which is equal to the ratio of peak torque to the torque at rated power, and affects vehicle drivability and the engine stability to resist a load increase. 16. The coefficient of speed reserve, which is equal to the ratio of rated speed to peak-torque speed, and affects vehicle drivability. 17. The coefficient of adaptability, which is equal to the coefficient of torque backup multiplied by the coefficient of speed reserve. 18. The coefficient of rated intensity, which is equal to rated BMEP multiplied by rated mean piston speed. 19. Engine weight. 20. Engine specific power (also called power density), which is the rated power per engine displacement volume. 21. Engine power per piston area, which basically refl ects the thermal load per unit area of the combustion chamber.
Page:-3

20. Engine weight per displacement volume (also called weight density), which reflects the effectiveness of structural design and the compactness of the engine. 21. Engine specific weight, which is the ratio of the weight density to the power density, i.e., the reciprocal of the power-to-weight ratio. 22. Engine volume per displacement volume, which reflects the compactness of engine packaging design. (i.e., volume density). 23. Engine specific volume, which is the ratio of the volume density to power density. 24. A characteristic ratio of engine power or torque to an engine application parameter, which is a fundamental matching parameter between the engine as a power or torque source and its application. For example, it can be the ratio of engine rated power or peak torque to vehicle weight for on-road trucks.
Page:-4