VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

WIRING DIAGRAM

ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS

FUNCTION

1. Battery A car battery's function is to store electrical energy for your vehicle. When you start the car the stored energy in the battery turns your car over

FUNCTION

2. Fuses Car Fuses. Fuses in your car have one purpose--to protect your electrical system in the event of a power surge or short circuit

2. Fuses and Fuseable links

- Fuse and fusible links are circuit protection devices. - They open the circuit to protect the electrical and electronic devices if high current starts to flow. - This happens if a short or ground develops. - Then the fuse blows or the circuit breaker opens.

FUNCTION

3. Switch A switch is a mechanical device for controlling the flow of current in a circuit, switching the current either on or off.

FUNCTION

4. Relay To transfer electrical power (or stop) across a set of contacts using another source of power. A coil is energized, making it an electromagnet.

4. Relay
Function :
Relay is electromagnet switch or controller device. It uses small electric current to open other electric circuit switch using high electric current. It also prevents voltage reduction.

FUNCTION

5. Fuseable links A fuseable link functions like a fuse but it's part of the wiring harness. It's a section of wire that will melt if too much current passes through it

FUNCTION

6. Diodes Diodes allow electricity to flow in only one direction

FUNCTION

7. Resistor The resistor's function is to reduce the flow of electric current

FUNCTION
connection

connector

FUNCTION
CAPACITOR

FUNCTION

A circuit breaker's function is, like a fuse, to break a circuit path when a predetermined amount of current is passed.

CIRCUIT BREAKER'S WORKS

The diagram below shows the simplified version of a self resetting circuit breaker. In this device, the current flows from the battery terminal, through the bi-metal strip and then to the other terminal. The bi-metal strip is made of two different types of metal which have different coefficients of expansion. This means that one will expand more than the other when the rise in temperature is the same for both pieces. In this case, the two metals are bonded to each other. (now keep in mind that this is a simplified diagram) When the strip heats up from the current flow through it, one type of metal expands more than the other. In this case, the black metal expands more than the red and the strip tends to bend upward and disconnect the contacts. You can see that the metal starts to bend as the current increases. When the temperature reaches a given point, the piece will snap into the open position and the current flow will stop

WIRING COLOUR

Wiring colour coding was utilised to identify the wiring system in automotive application

WIRING COLOUR
Warna Brown Kegunaan Battery circuit such as connection from battery to switch, ampere meter, fuse and others. Yellow For charging system such as from alternator to battery. White For ignition system and all circuit through ignition switch such as fuel gauge, fuel pump and others Green For all electrical connections that receive supply through fuses such as horn, lights, brake lights, reverse lights and others. For all head lights, high beam, low beam and others. For tail lights at front and back, panel lamp and all the lamp that lights when tail lights is turned on. For earth connections.

Blue Red Black

SMART WIRING SYSTEM

Advantages of smart wiring system compare to conventional wiring system. The size and number of wires for a given circuit can be greatly reduced

Low current capacity switches used in a smart wiring circuit

allow the integration of various touch-type switches into overall vehicle design Timing function features i.e. locking doors above a given speed or unlocking them when the ignition is shut off