External Talk for NIU IEEE Student Branch

Do You Know Where I am Now? Good!(?)

Jack Kozik Applications Product Group CTO, Americas 20-Nov-08

Summary
Talk Title: "Do you know where I am now? Good!(?)"

Abstract:

Location Based Services have been one of the killer application (since 1998?!) for mobile networks. Only within the last year or so do we see major mobile operators offering "Friend Finder" or "Turn-by-turn Navigation" services. Electrical Engineers have had to work a large number of engineering, economic and regulatory challenges to make the original LBS service concepts commerically practical. This talk gives a technical look at these challenges and discusses how new 4G technologies will enhance location services. Service examples covered: E911, turn-by-turn directions, friend finder, geo-fencing, advertising insertion, and links to social networking services.

LBS Killer App Since 1998. Why taking off now? EE Engineering Problems, solved.
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Outline Alcatel-Lucent Background Location Base Service Devices

GPS Gadgets
Mobile Network Operator Geolocation Services Verizon

AT&T
Blackberry How Does The Network Know the location of the Phone? User Plane and Control Plane How Does an Application Find Out? How to Reduce Power/Spectrum Consumption?
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Garmin nuvi 270, GPSMAP 60Cx

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Verizon Wireless Location Services

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AT&T Navigator

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Mapquest for Blackberry (w or w/o GPS)

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Wireless Assisted GPS

Chart from Qualcomm

16,000,000 14,000,000

14,600,000

Terminals Sold

12,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0

More than 70 Handset Models

4,300,000

100,000 Jan. 2002 July.2002 May.2003

15M A-GPS Handsets Sold

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Jacks Gadgets

Moto Razr2

Moto Q GPS, E911 Only

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Sierra Wireless AirCard

E911 Network Derived

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No GPS

Engineering Questions

How does the network know where the phone is? Without a GPS Chip? With a GPS Chip

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Location Technologies Cell id or GPS Chip in Phone

Cell-Id and Cell-Id ++
Cell identification and network measurements low cost & very high availability accuracy performance ~4-500 m

(Timing Advance, Time of Arrival, Received Power,)

Enhanced Assisted-GPS
Handsets-based or assisted method combining GPS information and Mobile network information (cell-id)

Standalone GPS
Handset based method, using only GPS satellitesignals high performance, poor availability in dense areas, high Time to First Fix & Power Consumption
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Better availability in dense areas, Low Time to First Fix & Power Consumption

Very high accuracy

Standard interfaces between the network and the handset (SUPL)

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Network Based Solutions No GPS Chip in the Phone UTDOA

Two predominant solutions

Uplink Time Difference of Arrival - UTDOA

Requires 3 cell sites

triangulates time of arrival of signal

Angle of Arrival - AOA measures angle of signal

E911 ph II accuracy for PDE

Requires 2 cell sites & special antennae

AOA

67% - w/in 100 m 95% - w/in 300 m

Remaining difficulty - accuracy requires

multiple cell sites

Not observed - network based solution workable in a rural environment with low cell site density

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Hybrid Solutions GPS Chip in Phone plus Almanac/Ephemeral and info from mobile network
Hybrid Functionality Uses Network & GPS

GPS satellites

GPS signals Reference GPS receiver/service

Mobile w/ Assisted GPS

Position Determining Equipment PDE

assisting information about GPS signal IS 41

LBS Apps

MPC Mobile Positioning Center

Web

Base stations

Mobile Switching Center

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E911 Driven Technology Development

US Carrier Former Alltel Former AT&T Wireless Network CDMA GSM TDMA UMTS Former Cingular Wireless GSM TDMA Nextel Quest Sprint PCS Verizon Wireless T-Mobile iDEN* CDMA CDMA CDMA GSM Location Technology AGPS UTDOA+ UTDOA+ GPS UTDOA+ UTDOA+ GPS AGPS AGPS AGPS UTDOA+ Dominant technologies have emerged as: A-GPS for CDMA* and UTDOA for GSM

* iDEN uses network assisted, MS-based, GPS positioning. CDMA does MS-assisted +UTDOA not necessarily expected to get use outside USA due to cost of LMUs.
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Engineering Questions

How does an application know where the phone is? Without a GPS Chip? With a GPS Chip?

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LBS Standards: Control Plane Control Plane - Location queries are managed at the network level on control and traffic channel. Applicable standard is IS-801 for mobile and 3GPP2 X.S.0002 for network Used for E-911 Existing Phones: A-GPS or no GPS chip Network knows because E911 is user originated LBS Application sends Web Message and gets Lat/Long back
MS MSC PDE MPC

SMSC Ad Content
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HLR

LBS Client

LBS Standards: User Plane User Plane Location queries are managed in an IP network requiring. Applicable standards: TIA-1020, OMA-ADSUPL-V1_0-20050719-C A-GPS Phones Web Application asks software running in the phone. Network only knows last reported location of phone.

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Example : User Plane

2- Check application profile & location privacy 3- Flash SMS For paging

1- Send a Location Request

SMSC Wireless Network GSM

Alcatel Location Server

6- Send a Location Response

4- ATI request
HLR

5- Retrieve the X,Y coordinates

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Network Elements Two key pieces

Gateway Location Center Application interface for location services

Gateway Location Center

Application authentication Privacy checking Access independent Examples GMLC, MPC

Serving Location Center

Serving Location Center

Determines the location Talks to access network and user device Understands the access it serves Examples SMLC, PDE

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Engineering Problem How do I build applications that have lots of location dips? If data connection always on, then battery drain

Need to push info to the terminals so they can run with uplink dormant

Geofencing!

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Geofence Matching Engine

A users location is compared to geofences. An event is triggered (e.g., send SMS) when the opted-in user enters or leave a specific geofence.
Sign me up Sally this is the best pizza in NYC - Mike Sallys profile & loc. match a GMS 30% off all Shirts at The Shop Code XR456
Sally, this is the best pizza in NYC

WEB

x Accept

Sally opts-in

Sally moves around the world Sallys profile & loc. match a GMS

Sally gets a 30% off GMS all Shirts

at The Shop

SMS or WAP

Opt-in

Peers or 3rd Party Content Providers leave GMSes. message for Sally around a location

Sally gets a GMS

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User Scenario: Kid Tracker Parent Defined Geo-Fences

Home

Joe has Joe left is the at school. school grounds

Mom defines Geo-Fences and Schedule Kid Tracker monitors the location Mom gets a message based on Kid Tracker monitors the location of throughout her rules! the ofthe thechild child throughout theday. day.

Confirmation WARNING Message!

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www.alcatel-lucent.com

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