FRAMES AND BED PLATE

For Main and Auxiliary Engines

23-Jul-04

AP

Questions
1. Describe how Large slow speed engine are structured to withstand the following: a. Forces due to combustion loads b. Guide Forces c. Inertia forces 2. Show how combustion forces are transmitted to cross members of the bed plate. Describe two means by which the stresses within the cross members can be accommodated. 3. With refrence to large fabricted bedplates give reasons to explain a. Why defects are likely to occur in service and where they occur b. How these defects have been avoided in subsequent designs 3. Explain why tie bolts are needed in some large slow speed engines. (why not fited to all engines. 4. Sketch and describe a non-metallic main engine chocking process. State the advantages of the system compared with one employing steel or cast Iron

23-Jul-04

AP

5. Sketch an arrangement of side and end chocking as applied to large engines and show the position relative to the engine. State why such arrangments are employed. Indicate how tightness of the choke is checked and adjusted. 6. Suggest with reasons which one or combination of the following condition is likely to contribute most to the persistent slackening of holding down bolt. a. A scavenge fire b. Small cracks in transverse girders of of the bed plate. c. Highly stressed holding down bolts. d. Lose chocks e. Partially balanced reciprocating masses f. One piston hung up. 7. State why bed plates are fitted with chocks rather than directly to the foundation plates, state the factors that determine the spacing of the main Engine chokes.

23-Jul-04

AP

23-Jul-04

AP

Types of Forces
All forces can be resolved into a. Bending b. Shearing c. Torsion Cause of Forces a. Inertial Forces b. Combustion load c. Forces due to rotational masses d. Forces due to movement of vessel
23-Jul-04 AP 5

CONSTRUCTION
Earlier castings were used but were abondoned in favour of welded structure as power ratings and sizes increased. Problem is the quality of casting in larger structure. The UTS of steel is twice that of Cast Iron. So fabricated structure need half the material. Some of the latest ships use MONO wall construction (B&W) to reduce the problem of quality welding in inaccessible areas.
23-Jul-04 AP 6

Older type of bed plate box formed with two flanges and two webs with diaphragms fitted inside the webs and flanges

Weld Line

Cast steel transverse girder welded to the sides of bed plate

23-Jul-04

AP

Modern slow speed Engine bedplate Single web forming the side girders, stiffening is carried out by fitting brackets between the flanges.

Weld line

23-Jul-04

AP

A FRAME costruction
The structure is used to carry the cross guides and so its alignment to the bed plate is essential in ensuring running gear runs true. Its usual to employ fitted bolts or dowels for alignment.

23-Jul-04

AP

BOX DESIGN
Fully fabricated box structure in B&W gives increased longitudinal stiffness and easier alignment, gives increased rigidity and better alignment. There are fewer joints to maintain, more oil tightness and reduced fretting between the components
23-Jul-04 AP 10

TIE BOLTS
Purpose
To hold the hold the main structural components in compression. To transfer the combustion load to the main bearings. Relive the cyclic stress on the minor connection bolts between the main structural components Ideally the tie rods should be placed as close as possible to the centerline so as to minimise the bending stresses in the transverse girders and distortion of the bedplate. It is essential that the tie rods should be evenly stressed, a definite tightening procedure is adopted. 7 5 3 1 2 4 6

23-Jul-04

AP

11

Initial tightening is upto 60% and fnal tightening is to 100%

23-Jul-04

AP

12