SUBMITTED BY SUMIT KUMAR BANDUNI JEMIM UJJAWAL PAWAN

OVERVIEW POWERPLANT IN INDIA

The electricity sector in India had an installed capacity of 233.929 GW as of December 2013, the world's fourth largest. Captive power plants generate an additional 34.444 GW. Non Renewable Power Plants constitute 87.55% of the installed capacity, and Renewable Power Plants constitute the remaining 12.45% of total installed Capacity. In terms of fuel, coal-fired plants account for 57% of India's installed electricity capacity, compared to South Africa's 92%; China's 77%; and Australia's 76%. After coal, renewable hydropower accounts for 19%, renewable energy for 12% and natural gas for about 9%. Oil supplies 30 % energy need in india Some of the other prominent players in the oil power plant sector India are Trombay power plants of Tata power, and Dahanu generation units of Reliance Infrastructure Cost for setting up oil power plant is a small one is half a million a big one is 3 million and Power from diesel costs anywhere between Rs. 16-40/kWh, depending on the application Current installed base of Oil Based Thermal Power is 1,199.75 MW which is 0.57% of total installed capacity.

Overview world largest oil power plant war stila

ELECTRCITY GENERATION BY OIL

An oil power station turns the chemical energy in oil into electrical energy that can be used in homes and businesses. The oil is piped into the boiler where it is burned, converting its chemical energy into heat energy. This heats water in pipes coiled around the boiler, turning it into steam. The hot steam expands in the narrow pipes, so when it emerges it is under high pressure. The pressure drives the steam over the blades of the steam turbine causing it to spin, converting the heat energy released in the boiler into mechanical energy. A shaft connects the steam turbine to the turbine generator so when the turbine spins, so does the generator. The generator uses an electromagnetic field to convert this mechanical energy into electrical energy. The cold pipes cool the steam so that it condenses back into water. It is then piped back to the boiler, where it can be heated up again, turn into steam again, and keep the turbine turning. Finally, a transformer converts the electrical energy from the generator to a high voltage. The national grid uses high voltages to transmit electricity efficiently through the power lines to the homes and businesses that need it Here, other transformers reduce the voltage back down to a usable level.As well as heat, burning oil produces exhaust gases. These are piped from the boiler to the exhaust stack which contains equipment that filters out any particles, before venting into the atmosphere. The stack is built tall so that the exhaust gas plume can disperse before it touches the ground. This ensures that it does not affect the quality of the air around the station.

TECHNOLOGIES USE IN OIL POWERPLANT

Three technologies are used to convert oil into electricity: Conventional steam - Oil is burned to heat water to create steam to generate electricity Combustion turbine - Oil is burned under pressure to produce hot exhaust gases which spin a turbine to generate electricity. Combined-cycle technology - Oil is first combusted in a combustion turbine, using the heated exhaust gases to generate electricity. After these exhaust gases are recovered, they heat water in a boiler, creating steam to drive a second turbine.

DIESEL POWERPLANT

Diesel electric power plant is a power plant in which a diesel engine is used as the prime mover for the generation of electrical energy. Suitable for the small and medium outputs. Suitable where the electric line service is unavailable or available at the higher costs.

MAIN COMPONENTS DISEL POWERPLANT

The main components are as listed below: 1 Engine 8 Governing system 2 Fuel system 9 Electrical generator 3 Intake system 4 Exhaust system 5 Cooling system 6 Lubrication system 7- Starting and stopping system

Fuel supply system

To transfer fuel from storage tank to daily consumption tank To increase pressure of diesel To filters diesel oil to remove impurities To measure and control quantity of fuel to be supply To inject fuel into cylinder at high pressure

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OIL POWER PLANTS

ADVANTAGES
The design and layout of the plant are quite simple. It occupies less space as the number and size of the auxiliaries is small. It can be located at any place. It can be started quickly and it can pickup load in a short time. There are no standby losses. It requires less quantity of water for cooling. It requires less operating staff.

DISADVANTAGES
The plant has high running charges as the fuel (diesel) used is costly. The plant doesnt work satisfactorily under overload conditions for a longer period. The plant can only generate small power. The cost of lubrication is generally high. The maintenances charges are generally high