Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

http://randommization.com/2013/07/06/laser-gatling-gun-has-a-purpose-in-life-it-wont-share/

Outline
Infrared Spectrum
Vibrations
Force constants Reduced mass

transitions

Michelson Interferometer Fourier Transformations

Research Application

What is FTIR?
Spectroscopy technique absorption of infrared photons
Absorption, emission, photoconductivity, Raman Scattering All phases solid, liquid, gas

http://media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lx7b9cV3eg1qgfyua.gif

Absorption
Beer-Lambert Law intensity is dependent upon concentration Absorbing photons lead to increase in vibrational energy Can absorb only some wavelengths not all
Depends on force constant strength of bond And reduced mass weight of atoms

1 2c

Wavenumber cm-1

Harmonic vs. Morse Potential

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Morse-potential.png

IR Table

http://www.chem.ucla.edu/~webspectra/irtable.html

Michelson Interferometer

Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis; W.H. Freeman and Company: New York, 2010.

Fourier Transformation
Converts interferogram to transmission spectrum
Infinite sum of cos/sin waves

vs. Intensity wavenumber vs. Intensity Determines intensity at each wavelength Interferogram: source spectrum sample spectrum Transmission spectrum: (sample spectrum)/(reference spectrum)
Beers Law
Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis; W.H. Freeman and Company: New York, 2010.

Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis; W.H. Freeman and Company: New York, 2010.

Spectrometer

Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis; W.H. Freeman and Company: New York, 2010.

Limitations
Range of spectrum fine spacing larger range
Rate speed of mirror Source

Beamsplitter
Detector

Pros/Cons
Pros:
Sample easy to prepare, not damaged Better signal:noise ratio, accuracy than dispersive instruments Precise can average multiple scans Functional groups alcohols, ketones, alkenes etc.

Cons:
Transmittance not as accurate Not much info about structure of molecule Very sensitive (pro)

Research Applications - ReactIR

Organic Hydride Donor (OHD) similar to NADH Very fast reaction 2-3 minutes to completion
Driving force: aromaticity of oxidized OHD

Toluene, 0C too fast at RT to study

Organic Hydride Donor

OHD is cheaper and more environmentally friendly than the traditional metal hydrides
selectivity

Fast (or faster) reaction Mechanism unclear Conjugation:

Reduces bond density of C=O bond Reduces force constant K Smaller wavenumber absorbed
http://media.mt.com/us/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ReactIR/ReactIR15/_jcr_content/productmodeltabs/overviewpmtoppar/000100.img.smallImage.png

Organic Hydride Donor reaction spectrum

Organic Hydride Donor reaction trends

References

Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis; W.H. Freeman and Company: New York, 2010.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform_infrared_spectroscopy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform

http://randommization.com/2013/07/06/laser-gatling-gun-has-a-purpose-in-life-it-wontshare/ http://media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lx7b9cV3eg1qgfyua.gif http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Morse-potential.png http://media.mt.com/us/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ReactIR/ReactIR15/_jcr_content/productmodeltabs/overviewpmtoppar/000100.img.smallImage.png