CALCULUS

Oblique Triangles
Oblique triangles do not have any 90o angles B A o
72

c A
63o

120o

b
46o

45o

B
C

24o

Acute angled

a Obtuse angled

METHOD 1
A
b h
Stage 1 (small ) In ACD
sinc h b

If we want to find the area of a but the height (altitude) is unknown C

B a

Stage 2 (big )

But we just determined height from using a smaller part of

the triangle Substitute height

In ABC
A = (base )(height)
A = ( a )( b sin c ) A = a b sin c

h = b sin c

EXAMPLE:
A
25 cm

A = a c sin B

c
48o

A = (30cm)(25 cm) sin 48o A = (30cm)(25 cm) (0.743)

C A = (30cm)(25 cm) (0.743)

A = 278.625 cm2

This is used to find the area of oblique triangles if you know two sides and the included angle

METHOD 2

When the two angles and a side is known. The area of the triangle is equal to the square of one side and twice the sine of the opposite angle multiplied by the sine of the other angles.

FORMULA: Given side A and the other three angles 2 sin sin Area =
2 sin

Given side B and the other three angles 2 sin sin Area =
2 sin

Given side C and the other three angles 2 Area = sin sin
2 sin

EXAMPLES
1. B

SOLUTION:
Area = =

2 sin sin 2 sin 522 (6.9 )2 sin 80 48 2 sin 52

2.

SOLUTION:
Area =

2 sin sin 2 sin

2 sin 75

(7.5 )2 sin 30 75

= 13.73 A C
S

= 13.12

3.

SOLUTION:
Area = =

2 sin sin sin

(7.5 )2 sin 30 75 2 sin 75

= 9.32
D G

METHOD 3

If all three sides are known, the area can be determined using HERONS Formula.

FORMULA: Lets represent half of the perimeter of a triangle and a, b and c as its sides then, Where: s =
:

+ ++ + 22

The area of herons formula is stated as: Area = ( )

Case 2
20 m
C

Find the area of a triangle given 3 sides

B

Herons Formula
10 m
A

Step 1: Find the semi-perimeter

abc s 2

24 m

abc s 2 20m 24m 10m s 2 s 27m

A s(s a)(s b)(s c) A 27(27 24)(27 20)(27 10) A 27(3)(7)(17)
A 9639

Step 2: area formula

A s(s a)(s b)(s c)

A 98.2m 2

abc Herons Formula s 2 28m 52m 65m A s 2 s 72.5m

52 m 65 m
C

A s(s a)(s b)(s c) A 72.5(44.5)(20.5)(7.5)

A 496035 .9375

28 m
B

A 704.298m2

METHOD 4

When the vertices are given, this method is called the Matrix = ad cd

Using the determinants, we have the two formulas:

METHOD 4A

1 2 3

1 2 3

1 1 1

= 1 (2 3 ) - 1 (2 3 ) + 1(2 3 (3 2 ) The area of this would be : Area =

1 2

METHOD 4B:

1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 3 1 3 3 1
Area =
1 2

= 1 2 + 1 3 + 2 3 3 2 + 1 3 + 1 2

EXAMPLES
1. (3,4) SOLUTION: Area =
2 1

Q (6, -2) (8, 1)

= 21 2 A = 10.5 u2 3 4 1 6 2 1 8 1 1

D = x1(y2 y3) y1 (x2 x3) + 1(x2y3 y3x3) = 3(-2 - 1) 4(6-8) + 1(6 (-2)(8)) = -9 + 8 +22 D = 21

1.

(4,6)

SOLUTION: Area =
1 2

1 2

= (9,3) (7,5) 4 6 1 9 3 1 7 5 1

A = 2u2

D = 4(3 - 5) 6(9 - 7) + 1(9)(5) (3)(7) = -8 12 + 24 D=4

END