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Race Against Waste Reduce & Recycle

Submitted By:
Vaibhav Maheshwari (Roll No 25) Vishal Poojara (Roll No 26)

Recycling Potential

Recycling in Refineries
Refineries use a significant amount of water when compared to other industries Critical shortages of water in many parts of the world Refineries are trying to minimize water usage and maximize recycle/reuse

Water Balance
Evaporation & Drift Raw Water Waste Steam BFW C.W. Supply Process Units Cooling Towers C.W. Return Sour Water Condensate Return Desalter Effluent Stripped Sour Water Excess SSW Wastewater Treatment Blowdown Blowdown Boilers Raw Water Treatment Makeup IX/RO Makeup Steam losses

Sour Water Stripper

Crude Tanks

Crude Tank Drain

Discharge

Infiltration

Exfiltration

Stormwater

Wastewater - Desalter
Desalter - First unit operation - used to wash naturally occurring salts in the crude to protect downstream equipment Desalter Wash Water Sources Fresh water Boiler Feed Water Crude Tower Overhead Vacuum tower Overhead Stripped Sour Water Stripped Sour Water is best choice - results in significant savings in water usage

Sour Water - Recycle


Stripped phenolic SW should be processed in a separate stripper and preferentially used for De-salter makeup Up to 90% of phenol will be extracted into the crude - lowering phenol load to WWT Remaining stripped SW should also be used in the De-slater if possible - excess should be discharged to WWT Potential Users De-salter Makeup, Coker quench water, cutting water, Flare seal water, FCC scrubber, Hydro-treaters, BFW and Cooling Tower Makeup, Potable water, Fire Water, Utility water Reuse non-contaminated storm water Treated refinery wastewater Treated municipal wastewater from outside sources

Reuse Technologies
Ion Exchange
Cation Bed Anion Bed

To Makeup

Feed Water

Electro Dialysis Reversal (EDR)


UltraFiltration WW Refinery WWT incl. Sand Filter Activated carbon

Regeneration Reject

Regeneration Reject

Electric Current

EDR Water to recycle

Zero Liquid Discharge

Backwash

Reject

Recycling the Concrete


Second most consumed material after water 30 Billion tons produced in 2006 20 % of the aggregate concrete can be recycled for structural applications High recovery done by Netherlands and Japan

What & How


What can be recycled? Returned concrete that is fresh from ready mix trucks Production waste at a pre-cast production facility Waste from construction and demolition How can it be used? As aggregate (both coarse and fine) As blocks in original or cut down form

Barriers and Benefits of Recycling

References
www.ipieca.org www.raceagainstwaste.com World Sustainable Council Report on Recycling Concrete

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