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OPEN SPACE PLANNING

Planning 3

ABANTE,ROMELYN P.
BANTIGUE, CHERRY MAE N.
PAPA,DAVID M.
RUNAS, KATHLEEN

BS AR V-2D
WHAT IS AN
OPEN SPACE
The term 'open space'
covers greenspace consisting of
any vegetated land or structure,
water, path or geological feature
within and on the edges of
settlements, and civic space
consisting of squares, market
places and other paved or hard
landscaped areas with a civic
function. Some spaces may
combine green and civic space
elements, but one type or other
will usually predominate
..
Or According to
Presidential Decree
No . 1216 :
An area reserved exclusively for
parks, playgrounds, recreational
uses, schools, roads, places of
worship, hospitals, health
centers, barangay centers and
other similar amenities and
facilities.
Open Space can be
categorized into
two :
• Rural Open Space
• Urban Open Space
TYPES OF OPEN
SPACE
Rural Open Space
Open space areas are largely un-
fragmented areas of undeveloped
land that are set aside primarily to
preserve and/or enhance the
community’s wildlife habitat,
agricultural productivity and
recreational opportunities.
Urban Open Space
are typically undeveloped land
within urbanized areas that are
set aside to provide public
recreational opportunities as well
as the chance to experience
natural areas and wildlife habitat.
They may also be developed
areas that are available to the
public to provide a feeling of
Public parks and
gardens
Areas of land normally
enclosed, designed,
constructed, managed and
maintained as a public park or
garden. These may be owned
or managed by community
Private gardens or
grounds
Areas of land normally
enclosed and associated with
a house or institution and
reserved for private use.
Amenity greenspace
Landscaped areas providing
visual amenity or separating
different buildings or land uses
for environmental, visual or
safety reasons and used for a
variety of informal or social
activities such as sunbathing,
picnics or kickabouts.
Playspace for
children and
teenagers

Areas providing safe and


accessible opportunities for
children's play, usually linked
to housing areas.
Sports areas
Large and generally flat areas of
grassland or specially designed
surfaces, used primarily for
designated sports (including
playing fields, golf courses, tennis
courts and bowling greens) and
which are generally bookable.
Green corridors
Routes including canals, river
corridors and old railway lines,
linking different areas within a
town or city as part of a
designated and managed
network and used for walking,
cycling or horse riding, or linking
towns and cities to their
surrounding countryside or
country parks. These may link
Natural / semi -
natural
greenspaces
Areas of undeveloped or
previously developed land with
residual natural habitats or which
have been planted or colonised
by vegetation and wildlife,
including woodland and wetland
areas.
Allotments and
community growing
spaces
Areas of land for growing fruit,
vegetables and other plants,
either in individual allotments
or as a community activity.
Civic space
Squares, streets and waterfront
promenades, predominantly of
hard landscaping that provide a
focus for pedestrian activity and
can make connections for people
and for wildlife.
Burial grounds
Includes churchyards and
cemeteries.
Other functional
greenspace
May be one or more types as
required by local
circumstances or priorities
THE VALUE OF AN
OPEN SPACE
• If sufficiently vegetated, open spaces
perform ecological services as carbon
sink and contribute to rainwater
infiltration and aquifer recharge


• They also offer opportunities for free
recreation for the local residents. At the
same time they can serve as protection
buffers around hazardous areas and
installations buffers around hazardous
areas and installations.
O p e n sp a ce shall conform
to the provisions of PD
1216 and its implementing
rules and shall include the
following :

Streets – adequate and safe means of


vehicular pedestrian circulation and
easements for utilities and planting
strips, shall be provided
Walks – paved walks shall be provided to the
living units from streets, parking spaces and
from living units to play area.
Parks and Playgrounds – suitable recreational
area shall be allocated within the subdivision.
Where applicable, a hierarchy of such
recreational areas may be provided for, such
that, a strategically located main park area is
supplemented or complemented by one or
more smaller pocket or areas for recreational
use. These areas must be accessible to living
units and free from any form of hazard risk.
Said parks and playgrounds shall be cleared
and free from any debris.
Parks and
Playground
Park – An area of land set aside for public
use, as:
A piece of land with few or no buildings
within or adjoining a town,
maintained for recreational and
ornamental purposes.
A landscaped city square.
A large tract of rural land kept in its
natural state and usually reserved for
the enjoyment and recreation of
visitors.

Playground – An outdoor area set aside for


Hierarchy of Parks
and Playgrounds
At the city/ municipal level, the town
square or plaza is at the top of the
hierarchy
The town plaza should be a factor in
establishing the image of the town.
Central urban functions may be located
around the town plaza
Lower order parks should be
planned in conjunction with
neighborhood and community
centers
Lower-end open spaces include
barangay parks, neighborhood
parks, vest-pocket parks, and tot
lots (children’s play areas).
Parks and Playground
Allocation
DENSITY PARKS/PLAYGROUNDS
No. of Lots/Dwelling Allocation in percent
unit per hectare Gross Area (%)

20 and below 3.5


21 - 25 4.0
26 – 35 5.0
36 – 50 6.0
51 – 65 7.0
Above 65 9.0
Parks and playground as much as
possible shall be at street level
Allocation of area for parks and
playgrounds shall be mandatory
for projects one (1) hectare or
more and shall be deemed non-
buildable area.
Area allocated for parks and
playgrounds shall in no case be
less than 100 square meters.
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1216

Section 31: Roads, Alleys, Sidewalks,


and Open space – The owner as
developer of subdivision shall provide
adequate roads, alleys and sidewalks.
For subdivision projects one hectare
or more, the owner or developer shall
reserve 30 % of the gross area for
open space. Such open space shall
have the following standards
allocated exclusively for parks,
playgrounds and recreational use:
a. 9% of gross area for high
density or social housing (66
– 100 family lot for gross
hectare).
b. 7% of gross area for medium-
density or economic housing
(21 – 65 family lot per gross
hectare).
c. 3.5% of gross area for low-
density or open market
While there is no particular
procedure for the
development of an open
space plan, whether by a
municipality or another entity,
there are GUIDELINES
for its approval and
implementation.
Where an open space plan is
being prepared by the
municipality as a potential
amendment to its comprehensive
plan, the applicable enabling
statutes require one or more
hearings by the board preparing
the plan prior to consideration by
the local legislative body.
Next, this local legislative body
must hold at least one public
hearing before making a decision
on adoption of the plan.
Volunteer members of a planning
group can be expected to provide
direction on community policy
issues, and, in many cases, will
be able to provide information on
open space lands and resources.
Every municipality which has
enacted land use regulations
should conduct a study of the
recreational needs of the
community in order to judge
whether new residential
development will contribute to
demand for certain facilities.
In the case of an open space plan, the
INVENTORY should include the range
of items which could satisfy a community’s
open space needs:
• Scenic roads, views and vistas;
• Rivers, lakes, ponds and streams;
• Wetlands;
• Wildlife habitat;
• Existing public lands, such as parks, trails,
and other recreation areas;
• Working landscapes such as farms and
forests
• Unique geologic formations
such as cliffs
and caves;
• Trails, bikeways, railroad beds
and other
important rights-of-way;
• Historic landscapes;
• Flood plains, erosion hazard
areas and steep slopes
AND FINALLY, A common method
of identifying lands which might
be eligible for conservation is the
overlay mapping system. In this
system, various resources and
values are entered on separate
maps, which are then overlaid to
reveal clusters of significant
resources.
End of Slide

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