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  • Catyl Conv

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    Sapari Vel
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    The document summarizes the history and technology of catalytic converters used in vehicles to reduce emissions. It explains that the first emission norms in India were introduced in 1991 and catalytic converters became mandatory for petrol vehicles in 1992. Modern cars now use three-way catalytic converters, which reduce carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. The converter contains oxidation and reduction catalysts, usually made from expensive metals like platinum, rhodium, and palladium, which convert pollutants into harmless gases through chemical reactions in the exhaust stream.

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    The document summarizes the history and technology of catalytic converters used in vehicles to reduce emissions. It explains that the first emission norms in India were introduced in 1991 and catalytic converters became mandatory for petrol vehicles in 1992. Modern cars now use three-way catalytic converters, which reduce carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. The converter contains oxidation and reduction catalysts, usually made from expensive metals like platinum, rhodium, and palladium, which convert pollutants into harmless gases through chemical reactions in the exhaust stream.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    24 views15 pages

    Catyl Conv

    Uploaded by

    Sapari Vel
    The document summarizes the history and technology of catalytic converters used in vehicles to reduce emissions. It explains that the first emission norms in India were introduced in 1991 and catalytic converters became mandatory for petrol vehicles in 1992. Modern cars now use three-way catalytic converters, which reduce carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. The converter contains oxidation and reduction catalysts, usually made from expensive metals like platinum, rhodium, and palladium, which convert pollutants into harmless gases through chemical reactions in the exhaust stream.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 15

    The first emission norms were introduced in India in 1991 for petrol and 1992 for diesel vehicles.

    These were followed by making the Catalytic converter mandatory for petrol vehicles and the introduction of unleaded petrol in the market

    THREE WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER A method of treating exhaust gas uses catalytic converters. These converts the gaseous pollutants into harmless gasses A catalyst is a material that causes a chemical change without entering into the chemical reaction Modern cars are equipped with 3 way catalytic converters 3 way refers to the three way regulated emission It reduce-CO Unburned HC and nitrogen oxide molecules

    In the catalytic converter, there are two different types of catalyst at work, a reduction catalyst and an oxidation catalyst. Both types consist of a ceramic structure coated with a metal catalyst, usually platinum, rhodium and/or palladium. The idea is to create a structure that exposes the maximum surface area of catalyst to the exhaust stream, while also minimizing the amount of catalyst required, as the materials are extremely expensive. Some of the newest converters have even started to use gold mixed with the more traditional catalysts. Gold is cheaper than the other materials and could increase oxidation, the chemical reaction that reduces pollutants, by up to 40 percent

    Reduction catalyst
    It Is the first stage of the cc It uses platinum and rhodium

    It help to reduce the nitrogen oxide emission


    Such molecules come in contact with calalyst,cataylist ribs nitrogen atom out of the molecule and hold on to it Freeing oxygen in form of O2 Nitrogen inton2

    It is a part of every vehicle to regulate the emissions from harmful gases that pollute the enviroment.

    On 13 September 2001, the Government of India constituted a committee of expert of national reputed, headed by Dr. R A Mashelkar, the then Director General, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) to recommend an Auto Fuel Policy for the country, to devise a road map for its implementation and recommend suitable auto fuels, automobile technologies and fiscal and institutional measures.

    Auto Fuel Policy report marked out 11 metro cities, namely, Delhi (NCR), Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai Hyderabad, Ahmadabad, Surat, Pune, Bangalore, Kanpur, and Agra for stricter standards due to the high levels of air pollution by the Auto Fuel Policy.

    For entire country, the proposed roadmap is implementation of Bharat stage-III norms preferably from 1 April 2008 but not later than 1 April 2010 in the entire country.

    New improved Pollution Under Control (PUC) checking system for vehicles. Inspection & maintenance (I&M) system for vehicles. Performance checking system of catalytic converter and conversion kits for CNG/LPG. Augmentation of city public transport system. Compliance of emission norms by city public service vehicles and inter State vehicles.

    BY- ABHISHEK SAXENA

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