Now a day's security system is our main concern.

This shadow alarm circuit can sense a moving shadow in confined area. It is a opto- sensitive circuit sounds an alarm when ever a shadow falls on it. So it can be used at night time by shop- keepers to protect the valuables in their showrooms. A dim lighting in the room is necessary to detect the moving shadow. In this we are using passive infrared sensor (PIR) and photo detector. The circuit uses the light sensing property of the PIN photo diode.

 The circuit uses the light sensing property of the PIN photo diode. The circuit is highly sensitive and can detect the shadow of the moving person from a distance of 1 meter. It does not require an aligned light beam to make the circuit standby, It is portable and can be placed anywhere for monitoring

 The Atmel AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers.

 The ATmega8 provides the following features: 8 Kbytes of In-System Programmable Flash with Read-While-Write capabilities, 512 bytes of EEPROM, 1 Kbyte of SRAM, 23 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers

 Three flexible Timer/Counters with compare modes, internal and external interrupts, a serial programmable USART A byte oriented Two- wire Serial Interface, a 6channel ADC (eight channels in TQFP and QFN/MLF packages) with 10-bit accuracy, a programmable Watchdog Timer with Internal Oscillator, an SPI serial port five software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning

ADVANTAGES
High-performance, Low-power Atmel AVR 8bit Microcontroller. Advanced RISC Architecture 130 Powerful Instructions Most Single-clock Cycle Execution 32 8 General Purpose Working Registers Fully Static Operation Up to 16MIPS Throughput at 16MHz On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier

 Working of LM35 It has an output voltage that is proportional to the Celsius temperature
The scale factor is .01V/oC The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming and maintains an accuracy of +/-0.4 oC at room temperature and +/- 0.8 oC over a range of 0 oC to +100 oC. Another important characteristic of the LM35DZ is that it draws only 60 micro amps from its supply and possesses a low self-heating capability. The sensor selfheating causes less than 0.1 oC temperature rise in still air.

 A buzzer or beeper is a signalling device, The word "buzzer" comes from the rasping noise that buzzers made when, They were electromechanical devices, operated from stepped-down AC line voltage at 50 or 60 cycles. Other sounds commonly used to indicate that a button has been pressed are a ring or a beep

Exhaust emissions from cars, trucks and other road vehicles produce a major source of air, robust and cost effective means of monitoring the pollutant and containment levels in the exhaust systems.

QUERIES
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