AUDIO VISUAL AIDS

DEFINITION

Audio visual aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate and reinforce learning - Burton

Classification of Visual Aids

1. Projected aids 2. Non Projected aids

Projected aids

Graphic aids

Display boards Dimension aids

Non Projected aids

Diagrams

Audio aids

Activity aids

Film

Cartoon

Black board

Radio

Computer assisted Instruction

Film strip

Charts

Bulletin board

Models

Recordings

Demonstra tions
Dramatics

Television Operative projector Comics Diagrams Over head Projector Flash Cards Magnetic board Graphs Maps Photographs Pictures PED board Posters Objects

Flannel board

Mockups

Video tapes Experiment ation Gramophone Field trip Programmed Sound Distribution Instruction system Teaching machines

Puppets specimen

Slides

PRINCIPLES
The instructional programme should be so organized and administered that AV materials function as an integral part of the educational program An AV educational program should be organized and administered in such a way that the program is centralized and under specialized direction and leadership An AV educational program should be flexible An advisory committee should be appointed to assist in selection and coordination of AV materials

PRINCIPLES
AV materials should be available where they are needed AV materials should be centrally located Provision should be made for helping instructors to acquire skill in the use of AV materials Budget appropriations should be made regularly for the AV educational program Evaluation of the AV educational program should be made at regular intervals Legal aspects should be considered in the production and the utilization of educational communication media

CARTOON
It is a metaphorical presentation of reality, it makes learning interest and effective as it creates a story appeal to the motors.

CHARTS
It is defined as illustrative visual media of depicting a logical relationship between main ideas and supporting facts.

Types
1. Narrative Chart 2. Chain Chart 3. Strip Tease Chart 4. pull Chart 5. FlowChart 6. Tabulation Chart 7. Tree chart 8. Flip Chart

Tree Chart
To show the development or growth or the types in the form of a tree

Flip Chart
A set of chart related to a specific topic here been tagged and has is a supporting stand.

Flow Chart
Diagrams used to show organization or functional relationships

MAPS
Graphical representation of earths surface or portions of it are turned as Maps

Graphs
It depicts numerical or quantitative relationship or statistical data one presented in the form of visual symbols

Types
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Pie Graph Bar Graph Line Graph Pictorial Graph Histogram Frequency Polygon

PIE GRAPH
The data are presented through the sectors or portions of circle

BAR GRAPH
A graphic presentation which extends the scale horizontally along the length of bars

TYPES
Vertical Horizontal
Simple Bar Compound Bar histogram

LINE GRAPH
The concepts are represented with the lines drawn either horizontally or vertically

HISTOGRAM
It is the graphical presentation of the continuous frequency distribution

PHOTOGRAPHS
Exact visual recording of things which will occur in real life situation.

POSTERS
Posters are the graphic aids with short, quick and typical messages with attention capturing

DISPLAY BOARDS

CHALK BOARD
A black board or chalkboard is a slightly abrasive wilting surface made of wood, ply, hard board, cement, ground, glass, asbestos slate, plastic etc. with black, green or bluish green paint on it

BULLTEIN BOARD
It is a simple device either indoor or outdoor, kept in a suitable places it can provide a suitable place for the display of all kinds of creative works of the students

FLANNEL BOARD
The rigid material plywood covered with the flannel cloth/felt sheet/wool/cotton/paper. The item to be displayed pictures or drawing should have flannel or sand paper pasted on reverse side.

Three Dimensional Aids/Materials

Models Specimen Mock up Moulage Objects Diorama

MODEL
Models are concrete objects to explain clearly the structure or junctions of real things

TYPES
Scale Model Simplified Model Working Model Cross sectional Model

SPECIMEN
Part of the real objects taken from the natural setting. It is a simple that shows quality or structure

Leaflet
Single sheet of paper folded to make a full page of printed matter on single side

Pamphlets
Paper can be folded into two or three or five, matter will be printed either single side or both sides

Hand Out / Hand Bill

The briefing of a session in a single sheet

Flash cards
Small compact cards, which flashed before the class to bring any idea

Newspaper
Health messages can be published in local languages which can reach to the public easily

PUPPETS

Hand Puppets

String Puppets

AUDIO AIDS
Radio Tape recorder Television C.D Player

ACTIVITY AIDS
Dramatization Computers Computer is defined as an electronic equipment which can store information and data which can be retrieved from it as and when required Desktop Laptop

TELESCOPE

PROJECTED AV AIDS
Epidiascope Slide projector Over head projector Film Strip Projector

TYPES OF PROJECTION

DIRECT PROJECTION

Condenser Lens Lamp Object

Objective Lens

INDIRECT PROJECTION

Lens

Object

Image

REFLECTED PROJECTION

EPIDIASCOPE
Is a visual aid commonly used in the class room to project non transparent material as well as transparent slides on to a screen

SLIDE PROJECTOR
A slide is a small piece of transparent material on which a single pictorial image or scene or graphic image has been photographed or reproduce otherwise
Ex: Size 2 X 2 Inch

OVERHEAD PROJECTOR
It projects transparencies with brilliant screen images suitable for the use in a lighted room

Parts of OHP

MOVING PICTURES
Communicating through sound and sight simultaneously, the moving picture blends picture, words, objects, motion and even colour to make impact on the children minds -K.P.Neeraja The viewer sees motion that can be recreated by the use of Straight photography and special effects: moving picture may transport the viewer in another world -B.T.Basavsanthappa