Conventional Weld Calculation

With the assistance of ANSYS Workbench

Conventional Weld Calculation Approach

(Excerpt from Shigleys Mechanical Engineering Design, 8th edition) Consider the external loading to be carried by shear forces on the throat area of the weld Use distortion energy for significant stresses Circumscribe typical cases by code.

Under circumstances of combined loading we Examine primary shear stresses due to external forces. Examine secondary shear stresses due to torsional and bending moments Estimate the strength(s) of the parent metal(s). Estimate the strength of deposited weld metal. Estimate permissible load(s) for parental metal(s). Estimate permissible load for deposited weld metal.

FEA can help!

For complicate geometries, sometimes it is hard to determine the external loading to be carried by the weld by simple hand calculations. FEA can help determine the external loading by calculating the summation of nodal forces and moments on the weld interface.

FEA can help!

What are the external loading at Weld A, B, C?

How to do it in ANSYS Workbench?

Step 1: Create Named Selections for each weld interface

How to do it in ANSYS Workbench?

Optional: Change the name of the coordinate system to match the name of the weld component Manually change the Ansys System Number. Note: CS 1 to 11 are system reserved Select the weld interface

Make sure Z-axis is normal to the weld interface

Step 2: Define local coordinate system for each weld. Manually change the ANSYS system number, start from number 12. The origin of the local CS should be at the centroid of the weld interface. Change the normal axis if needed.

How to do it in ANSYS Workbench?

Step 3: Insert ANSYS Commands object under the Solution Brach

How to do it in ANSYS Workbench?

Step 4: Copy and past the following text in the ANSYS Command window
csys,0 ! Define the names of the components, the name must match the component names defined *dim, CM_WELD, CHAR, 50,1 CM_WELD(1)='Weld_A' ! local,12 CM_WELD(2)='Weld_B' ! local,13 CM_WELD(3)='Weld_C' ! local,14 /POST1 ! Print out nodal loads for nodal components *DO,i,1,3,1 CMSEL,S,%CM_WELD(i)% CSNUM=11+i *get,CSX,CDSY,CSNUM,loc,x *get,CSY,CDSY,CSNUM,loc,y *get,CSZ,CDSY,CSNUM,loc,z rsys,CSNUM spoint,,CSX,CSY,CSZ ! Change the moment summation point to the local CS origin /output,%CM_WELD(i)%_fsum,lis,, , ! Print the nodal forces and moments to a text file fsum,rsys,, /output,term *ENDDO

How to do it in ANSYS Workbench?

The name of the component must match the previously defined Named Selection and the local CS number for the same weld; the local CS number must be in ascending order More welds may be added by adding more lines. i.e. CM_WELD(4)='Weld_D' ! local,15 CM_WELD(5)='Weld_E' ! local,16 .

Do loop, i from 1 to 3 with increment of 1. Change 3 to the maximum number of welds defined.

Step 5: modify the text as needed.

How to do it in ANSYS Workbench?

Step 6: Solve the model. Step 7: Check the output in the simulation folder. (Working Folder/[Model Name] Simulation Files/[Analysis Name]/)
The output are text files which can be opened by any text editor Output file names: Weld_A_fsum.lis, Weld_B_fsum.lis,

How to do it in ANSYS Workbench?

Typical output file:

Whats next?
Follow the conventional weld calculation procedures, use the FEA output as the external loading for each weld.

Example of a welded joint with combined external loading

Example of a welded joint with combined external loading