Sexually Transmitted Infection

Illness that can be spread through sexual contact Many can be transmitted through IV drug use, childbirth and breastfeeding Childbirth Eyes (Ophthalmia Neonatorum) Term STI preferred to STD/VD

Categories
Bacterial Fungal Viral Parasitic

 Viral HIV, Herpes Simplex, HPV, Viral Hepatitis Fungal Candidiasis (Yeast Infection) Parasitic - Crab Louse (Crabs)

Bacterial
Chlamydia (Chlamydia Trachomatis) Gonorrhoea (Neisseria Gonorrhoeae)
Syphilis (Treponema Pallidum)

Chlamydia Chlamydia Trachomatis

 Most common sexually transmitted infection in the UK and Ireland An estimated one-in-ten sexually active people under the age of 25 have it Seven out of Ten people infected dont have any symptoms

Chlamydia Symptoms - Women

Vaginal discharge Burning sensation or pain while urinating Frequency Sore throat Painful sexual intercourse Severe pain in lower abdomen (if the infection spreads to the fallopian tubes and stomach area) Fever (if the infection spreads to the fallopian tubes and stomach area)

Chlamydia Symptoms - Men

Burning sensation or pain while urinating Increased urinary frequency or urgency Discharge from the penis (Generally less viscous and lighter in colour than with Gonorrhoea) Red or swollen urethra Tender or swollen testicles

 Diagnosis Gram Stain and Culture, PCR Check for other infections Management Antibiotics Azithromycin, Doxycycline Risks Infertility Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Epididymitis, Urethritis, Arthritis, Conjunctivitis, etc.

Gonorrhoea Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

Gonorrhoea Symptoms
Usually appear 2-5 days after exposure May not appear in men for one month
May be asymptomatic

Gonorrhoea Symptoms - Men

Burning sensation or pain while urinating Increased urinary frequency or urgency Discharge from the penis (white, yellow, or green in colour) Red or swollen urethra Tender or swollen testicles Sore throat (gonococcal pharyngitis)

Gonorrhoea Symptoms - Women

Vaginal discharge Burning sensation or pain while urinating Frequency Sore throat Painful sexual intercourse Severe pain in lower abdomen (if the infection spreads to the fallopian tubes and stomach area) Fever (if the infection spreads to the fallopian tubes and stomach area)

 Diagnosis Gram Stain and Culture, PCR Check for other infections Chlamydia etc. Management Antibiotic Ceftriaxone Sexual Partners should be tested Risks Left untreated, can lead to infection elsewhere, including Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (Infertility?) Epididymitis, Urethritis, Meningitis, Endocarditis, etc.

Syphilis Treponema Pallidum

Symptoms - Primary
3-90 days after exposure Chancre (Ulceration) Classically single, firm, painless, non-itchy, sharp borders Occasionally can be multiple, tender Lymph node enlargement near area common 7-10 days after chancre

Symptoms - Secondary
Four to ten weeks after primary Symmetrical, non-itchy reddish-pink rash on trunk and extremeties (infectious) Condyloma Latum Wart-like lesions on genitals Fever, sore throat, malaise, weight loss, hair loss, headache

Symptoms - Tertiary
Three to Fifteen years after initial infection Gummatous (15%) Non-cancerous growth Neurosyphilis (6.5%) Infection in CNS Cardiovascular Syphilis (10%) - Aneurysm

 Diagnosis Blood Test

Treatment Penicillin G or Azithromycin