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Fitzpatrick, Carolyn H. and MaryBeth B. Ruscica. The Complete Sentence Workout Book. 4th ed. Mass: Allyn and Bacon, 2000. Print.
Subjects
A sentence must have a subject. A subject is a noun
A person, place or thing Ms. Jones Los Angeles Mission College Hat A word that takes the place of a noun She/he/they It
Or a pronoun
Verbs
A sentence must also have a verb. There are 2 types of verbs:
Action
Show movement Examples: to sing, to joke, to run, to walk Linking verbs do not show action. Instead, they convey existence, being, becoming, and sometimes, one of the 5 senses. Linking verbs connect the subject and the word after the linking verb. Examples: to be, to seem, to become
Linking
words?
the verb
the subject
Practice
1. Barbara sang.
What is the action?
Barbara (subject)
to the subject?
Who were happy?
Children (subject)
More Practice
Identify the subjects and verbs in the following sentences:
1.
Terry laughs.
Subject = Terry Verb = laughs (action)
4. Seth MacFarlane creates funny characters. Subject = Seth MacFarlane Verb = creates (action)
Example: The artist quickly drew the tourists caricature. What is the action? Who drew? Drew (one action = simple verb) Artist (one actor = simple subject)
Compound Subjects
A sentence may also contain a compound subject: two or more stated nouns or pronouns perform the same action.
Example:
Charles and the boys have gone to the movies. What is the action? Have gone (one action = simple verb)
Charles + boys
Compound Verbs
A sentence may also contain a compound verb: the subject performs two or more actions.
Example:
Jane frequently drinks, dances, and parties through the night. What is (are) the action(s)?
Drink, dance, + party (3 actions = compound verb) Jane (one stated actor = simple subject)
3 Possible Combinations
2. Simple Subject/Compound Verb: The simple subject of the sentence performs two or more actions.
Example: The audience booed and hissed at the performer. Verb: booed + hissed Subject: The audience
3 Possible Combinations
3. Compound Subject/Compound Verb This means that two or more subjects perform two or more actions.
Example: Greg, Peter, and Bobby danced and ate all night. Verb: danced + ate Subject: Greg, Peter, + Bobby
Practice
Directions: Find the verbs and subjects. Indicate whether they are simple or compound by writing S (for simple) or C (for compound) beside the verbs and subjects. C S S
1.
Sentence Formats
Here is an example of a Format 1 sentence: Birds sing. The abbreviation for Sentence Format 1 is NS-V. NS = Birds V = sing
Format 1 - Practice
Directions: Fill in the blanks with words that follow Sentence Format 1.
1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Children _______________ yell. Cats _______________ meow. Dancers _______________ dance. Swimmers _______________ swim. practice Athletes _____________. bark Dogs ________________. Joggers ______________. jog blossom Flowers ______________.
Format 1 - Practice
Directions: Put a box around the subject and circle the verb.
1. The lamb cried loudly. 2. Every summer, Selina goes to day camp. 3. The class practiced for an hour every week.
cave.
Format 2: Practice
Directions: Label each sentence format. Identify the subjects, verbs, and direct objects.
1. Rewrite the sentence in format 2 (NS-V-NDO) 2. Add to or for plus the word in question to the end of the sentence.
Rewrite the sentence to follow Format 2: May gave the book. (NS-V-NDO)
2. Add to or for plus the word in question to the end of the sentence: May gave me the book. (May gave the book to me?)
NS-V-NIO-NDO
Format 3: Practice
Directions: Label all subjects, verbs, indirect objects, and direct objects.
1. Pablo awarded Henry the prize. 2. The boy bought the girl a flower. 3. I gave my friend an umbrella. 4. Sharon bought her father a sweater. 5. My English teacher gave me an A on my test. 6. Hector fed the dog his dinner.
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