Pumps and power packs

Learning Outcomes
Look at Pumps:
Type, Application, Choice, Operation.

Look at Hydraulic power packs:

Type, Application, Choice, Operation.

Pump Types
Recovery capability. Limitations with different pumps and maintenance required. Common types:
Centrifugal pumps, Diaphragm pumps.

Pump Types
Pumps
Positive Displacement Rotary Flexible Impeller Reciprocating Piston Diaphragm

Kinetic Turbine Centrifugal

Screw Lobe Gear Roller

Progressing Cavity

Plunger Peristaltic Vane

Positive Displacement Pumps

Liquid is allowed to flow into the pump as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid is forced out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. This principle applies to all types of positive displacement pumps. Lobe, Gear, Diaphragm, Screw, Vane, Peristaltic etc.

Lobe pump
Lobe pumps can handle solids. A gentle pumping action minimizes product emulsification. Can operate dry for brief periods of time. Can handle viscous products.

Screw pump
These pumps use screws as the main mechanism element. This is also a type of a positive displacement pump. Here the water travels through one or many screws The fluid travels inside and gets rotated along with the axis of the screw, in between the threads of the screw. These pumps are the best for low pressure applications

Centrifugal Pump
Liquid enters the pump at the center of a rotating impeller and gains energy as it moves to the outer diameter of the impeller. Liquid is forced out of the pump by the energy it obtains from the rotating impeller. Transfer large volumes of liquid.

Efficiency and flow decrease rapidly as pressure and/or viscosity increases.

Gear pumps
For each revolution of an internal gear pump, (below) the gears have a fairly long time to come out of mesh allowing the spaces between gear teeth to completely fill and not cavitate. External gear pumps (below) come in single or double configurations. Handle viscous and waterytype liquids. Reduced speeds with highviscosity liquids results in greater efficiency. Two gears come into and out of mesh to produce flow. Uses two identical gears rotating against each other.

Vane Pumps
This pump contains vanes that are fixed and mounted onto a rotor that is on the inside of the cavity in the motor. The internal rotations maintain the pressure of the fluid. They are usually best options for a high flow but a low pressure output.

Vane Pumps
Rotating eccentric cam principle
Not suitable for high viscosity products

Used to move light products

Fuel Crude Water dispersant

Vane Pumps
Advantages
Handles thin liquids at relatively higher pressures Compensates for wear through vane extension Sometimes preferred for solvents, LPG Can run dry for short periods Can have one seal or stuffing box Develops good vacuum

Disadvantages
Complex housing and many parts Not suitable for high pressures Not suitable for high viscosity

Applications
LPG Cylinder Filling Alcohols Refrigeration - Freon, Ammonia

Diaphragm Pump
Using a diaphragm to push and pull the product through a chamber. Typical example at OSRL is the spate pump 75C. Capable of moving up to 30m3/hr.

Power Pack safety precautions

Know the limits of the equipment you connect. Operate the power pack safely. Use the correct PPE. Familiarisation of operation.

Hydraulics
Using fluid movement to make things work. Creating a pressure and flow to control hydraulic equipment.

Simple hydraulic circuit

Pump is driven by an engine in our power packs. Flow and pressure can be controlled separately on most systems. Direction is controlled by changing the flow. Pressure relief systems

Other power packs

MPPP:
34.7kW Lister air cooled engine. 80lpm@160bar on two circuits. Combined 160lpm@90bar. Aux circuit capable of 42lpm@160bar.

SAME PP:
50kW SAME Air Cooled Engine. 160lpm@200bar max. Load sensing circuits. Air compressor.

Electric supply.
Integral airfan.

Other power packs

GT185
Air cooled Lister TL3-12 engine producing . 30.6 Kw @ 2,500 RPM. The maximum output of the hydraulic pump is 140 bar, 80 L/min. max.

Desmi 250
Engine: Lister HR3. 34KW @ 2200 RPM, hydraulic start. 210 bar@140lpm.

Hydraulic power packs

Remember some equipment requires more power than others. Dont just open a valve Think first.

Make sure you know what you are connecting/operating

Ro-Boom Reel approx 15lpm, Dop250 pump 200lpm.

Use the correct circuit.

Power Pack safety precautions

Do you know how to turn it off? Know the limits of the equipment you connect. Operate the power pack safely. Be aware of the pressures involved. Use the correct PPE. Use the correct offloading methods and equipment.

Read and follow the OWI.

The dangers of oil injection through the skin.

Caution Next Slides are a bit gruesome!

Hydraulic injection
Hydraulic fluid in use was Mineral Oil Pressure of liquid: 630 Bar (~9510 psi) Equipment in use: scissor cutters used at Road Traffic Collisions to release vehicle occupants Location of accident: Fire Service Training Ground Risk assessments were in place and full PPE was worn

What happened next

Mineral oil had already started to eat away fatty tissue in hand and began travelling up arm

5 operations to cut away oil deposits

Wound could not be sutured due to tissue damage so it was gradually closed over weeks