quantum data

Implementing EDID That Works

Neal Kendall & Jeff Stenhouse

Quantum Data, Inc. 1

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EDID Presentation Overview

EDID Overview EDID Operation Implementing EDID EDID compliance

Quantum Data, Inc. 2

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EDID Overview
Common Terms
EDID Extended Display Identification Data E-EDID Enhanced VESA Video Electronics Standards Association DDC is a term used to describe the EDID data structure and I2C bus protocol

What is an EDID?
EDID is a VESA creation to support Plug & Play A data structure residing in a display or repeater; stored in 128 byte blocks EDIDs contain a lot of data in a very small size; the data is densely stored
Data stored in bit format where values are binary in nature Data stored in byte format using hex encoding Sometimes values are truncated Data is stored in an abbreviated form

What is the purpose of an EDID?

A displays way of describing its identity and capabilities to a source, e.g.: video formats, audio formats, colorimetry, lip-sync delays, etc. Source (graphics card, DVD, STB, etc) can then select output (e.g. video formats) in accordance with what display supports Two modes:
Pass-through when DTV supports the format that the content uses Scaling and scan conversion is required when DTV does not support format of the content source converts video output to the preferred format

Quantum Data, Inc. 3

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EDID Overview EDID Versions

EDID block structure in HDMI displays
VESA block (Block 0) is required At least one CEA extension block is required If more than one extension block is used they must all be the same version
CEA CEA Block CEA Block Block VESA Block

VESA EDID Versions

Version 1.3 (Version 1; Revision 3)
Version 1.3 is the required EDID structure for CEA-861D-based HDMI displays E-EDID is based on VESA version 1.3; supports extensions Current version of E-EDID is Release A; Revision 1 (2000)

CEA EDID extension versions

Defined in CEA-861D HDMI monitors require version 3 of the CEA extension in their EDID data structure

Backward compatibility facilitated by:

New EDIDs implemented in a display must include all fields of past EDID versions EDIDs include length fields for data block so older Source (older) sources can skip newer data blocks they dont understand Inclusion of Detailed Timing Descriptors
DTV (newer) HDMI (DDC)

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Overview CEA Extension for HDMI CE Equipment

Enhancements with CEA extension version 3
Includes the ability to specify any of the CEA video formats as short video descriptors Includes the ability to specify advanced audio formats as short audio descriptors Provides a way for the sink device to specify its speaker configuration with multi-channel audio Requires that a DTV protect its EDID against accidental corruption Source (write protected)
write

DTV

Quantum Data, Inc. 5

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EDID Operation Hot Plug

The EDID is transmitted over the HDMI DDC bus based on I2C protocol Hot plug assertion is an indication by the display that the EDID is available
The EDID is transmitted over the HDMI DDC bus based on I2C protocol Hot plug assertion is an indication by the display that the EDID is available (even if display is Off) Hot plug assertion should always initiate an EDID read

HDMI DDC (I2C)

5V
01010101010101010101010101010101

Source

Hot Plug Detect

DDC

DTV

EDID occur either as fullplug read Anread EDIDcan read is initiated byahot of block 0 and 1 or read independently

Quantum Data, Inc. 6

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VESA Block - Header

Quantum Data, Inc. 7

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VESA Block - Vendor/Product Info

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VESA Block - EDID Version/Revision

EDID 1.3 is required to support the CEA extension. (Note: 1.4 is available but not recognized by HDMI)

Quantum Data, Inc. 9

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VESA Block - Video Input Definition

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VESA Block - Display Transfer Characteristics

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VESA Block - Color Characteristics

Identifies the color characteristics. Each color is stored in a 10 bit value.

Low order bits stored here (19h, 1Ah)

Calculation example: A0 = .625 1010 0000 00 2^-1 + 2^-3 = 0.625

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VESA Block - Established Timings

Established timings are computer display timings that predate EDID but are recognized by VESA.

Quantum 13 Data, Inc.

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VESA Block - Standard Timing Identification

Standard timings are timings that are recognized by VESA through the VESA Discrete Monitor Timing or Generalized Timing Formula standards. Accommodates future standard timings.

CE devices may not support VESA timings (except 640x480p format), therefore standard timings may not be declared or used; unused bytes are filled with 01h.

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VESA Block - Timing Descriptor

The VESA E-EDID Standard requires that the First Detailed Timing Descriptor be the preferred video format and subsequent detailed timing descriptors listed in order of decreasing preference. The Preferred video format is typically the one closest to the native resolution of the display. The native resolution is the number of pixels on the display panel.

For vertical timing with interlaced fields, Field 1 is listed. Field 2 is understood to be Field 1 + 1

Pixel clock field (36h and 37h) = Pixel clock / 10,000 in hex: 74250000 / 10,000 = 7425d -> 1D01h

Horizontal blanking field (39h) = Lower 8 bits in hex. 280d-> 118h

All four Detailed Timing Descriptors blocks are required to be filled with valid data, even if timing descriptor need to be repeated. No fill patterns.

Quantum 15 Data, Inc.

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VESA Block - Monitor Descriptor

Avoid dependency on data in these descriptors as future use is possible.

The Detailed Timing Descriptors have to precede the two required Monitor Descriptors.

Uses ASCII encoding; example 53 = S

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VESA Block - Monitor Range Limits Descriptor

Applies to CRT based multi-scan systems and not flat panel or most CE equipment

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VESA Block - Extension Flag

The extension flag is the number of extension blocks including the block 1 block map. The extension flag is used if there are more than one extension blocks.

Any HDMI monitor must include the version 3 or higher CEA extension block.

Quantum 18 Data, Inc.

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VESA Block Checksum

A source should re-read a displays EDID if there is an error in the checksum.

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CEA Block CEA Formats

CEA-861-D formats
640x480p @59.94/60 Hz (Format 1) 1280x720p @59.94/60 Hz (Format 4) 1920x1080i @59.94/60 Hz (Format 5) 720x480p @59.94/60 Hz (Formats 2 & 3) 720(1440)x480i @59.94/60 Hz (Formats 6 & 7) 1280x720p @ 50 Hz (Format 19) 1920x1080i @ 50 Hz (Format 20) 720x576p @ 50 Hz (Formats 17 & 18) 720(1440)x576i @ 50 Hz (Formats 21 & 22) 720(1440)x240p @ 59.94/60 Hz (Formats 8 & 9) (2880)x480i @ 59.94/60 Hz (Formats 10 & 11) (2880)x240p @ 59.94/60 Hz (Formats 12 & 13) 1440x480p @ 59.94/60 Hz (Formats 14 & 15) 1920x1080p @ 59.94/60Hz (Format 16) 720(1440)x288p @ 50 Hz (Formats 23 & 24) (2880)x576i @ 50Hz (Formats 25 & 26)

(2880)x288p @ 50 Hz (Formats 27 & 28)

1440x576p @ 50Hz (Formats 29 & 30) 1920x1080p @ 50 Hz (Format 31) 1920x1080p @ 23.98/24 Hz (Format 32) 1920x1080p @ 25 Hz (Format 33) 1920x1080p @ 29.97/30 Hz (Format 34) 2880x480p @ 59.94/60 Hz (Formats 35 and 36) 2880x576p @ 50 Hz (Formats 37 and 38) 1920x1080i (1250 Total) @ 50 Hz (Format 39) 1920x1080i @ 100 Hz (Format 40) 1280x720p @ 100 Hz (Format 41) 720x576p @ 100 Hz (Formats 42 and 43) 720(1440)x576i @ 100 Hz (Formats 44 and 45) 1920x1080i @ 119.88/120 Hz (Format 46) 1280x720p @ 119.88/120 Hz (Format 47) 720x480p @ 119.88/120 Hz (Formats 48 and 49)

Quantum 20 Data, Inc.

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CEA Block Structure

Description Tag Revision General video information Detailed Timing Descriptor (DTD) Block Offset Bytes 1 1 1 1 Purpose Identifies type of extension

Revision # of extension
Define scanning, sampling, DTDs Identifies where DTDs begin Identifies supported video formats with short video descriptors Identifies supported audio formats besides basic w/ short audio descriptors Identifies supported speaker configurations for multi-channel audio Identifies vendor with IEEE code provides physical address upstream Indicates support of extended colorimetry standards, e.g. xvYCC Identifies over/underscanning behavior and alternate quantizing Defines formats in detailed listings Fills out 128 byte block

Video Data Block

Audio Data Block Data Blocks (can be in any order) Speaker Allocatn Data Block Vendor Specific Data Block Colorimetry Data Block Video Capability Data Block Detailed Timing Descriptors Padding

Variable
Variable Variable Variable Variable Variable Variable Variable

Checksum

Validates the data block

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CEA Block - Extension Tag

When more than one extension is required, the first extension or Block 1 is used as an index map that lists extension locations. VESA has assigned Tag 2 to CEA for definition of the CEA extension

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CEA Block - Revision Number

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CEA Block - Byte 3

In HDMI, any display that supports YCbCr must support both 4:4:4 and 4:2:2 sampling. All displays have to support RGB

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CEA Block - Video Data Block Descriptors

Any HDMI monitor must advertise all CEA video formats as Short Video Descriptors, even if they are also use Detailed Timing Descriptors. All short video descriptors have to be listed in order of priority; the first listed format is the one identified as optimal. Header Byte 4 Short Video Descriptor F 8 5

1 0 0

1 1

1 1

0 0 0

0 1

0 1

Short video descriptors are 1 byte each

Type = 2

Length = 15 Preferred

Vic Code = 5

Quantum 25 Data, Inc.

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EDID Operation Extended Tag Operation

Repeater devices may pass EDID data blocks from DTV upstream, if
DTV has video data block extended tag types repeater retransmits video from source to DTV without modifying of video timing or data
Source AVR/Repeater DTV

010101010101010101

01010101010101010101

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CEA Block - Audio Data Block Descriptors

If only basic audio is supported, Short Audio Descriptors are not necessary

Short audio descriptors are 3 bytes each

Header Byte 2

Descriptor 3 - Byte 1 1 5

Descriptor 3 - Byte 2 0 7

0 1 0

1 1

1 1

0 0 0 1

0 1

0 1

0 0 0 0

0 1

1 1

Type = 1 (audio)

Length = 15

Type = 2 MaxCh = 5+1 (AC3 Dolby Digital)

Sampling rates 48,44,32

Descriptor 3 - Byte 3 3 8

0 0 1 1

0 1

1 1

Max bit rate / 8k 38h (56) * 8k = 448k

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CEA Block - Speaker Allocation Block

If the HDMI DTV Monitor supports multi-channel uncompressed digital audio as indicated in the Audio Data Block, then the Speaker Allocation Data Block has to be included.

Descriptor 3 - Byte 2 0 F

0 0 0 0

1 1

1 1

RC,RL/RR,FC,LFE,FL/FR

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CEA Block - Vendor Specific Block

Vendor specific data block enables source devices to determine that the display is HDMI and configure its output accordingly (not DVI).

1100

Source Physical Address fields provide the CEC physical address for upstream CEC devices.

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CEA Block VSDB CEC Physical Addressing

Physical Address assigned by downstream device (TV side) from the Source Physical Address fields of the downstream devices EDID VSDB.

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CEA Block - Timing Descriptor

Even though Short Video Descriptors are available in the Version 3 CEA Extension, Detailed Timing Descriptors are used to support backward compatibility with legacy sources.

Detailed timings have to be listed in priority order.

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EDID Compliance Testing

Part of HDMI Compliance Test specification Capabilities Declaration Form identifies which test are run during execution (compiled test suite) Test Execution and report

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EDID Compliance Testing

Slide Slide

Select which timings are claimed to be supported in the displays EDID.

Slide

Identifies whether Primary packet aspect ratio, ACP/ISRC i.e. aspect infoframes areratio of the preferred timing. supported. Either 16:9 or 4:3

Slide Slide

Slide

If unchecked, the test is run based on CTS 1.2a. New products must pass 1.3b.

Other i.e. are these timings supported on the analog component Displays (DTVs) are outputs? typically CEC root devices unless they serve as a switch Identifies whether basic Slide audio is supported. Slide
Slide

Select which Identifies if DC fields timings are are populated in EDID claimed to be supported in the displays EDID. Identifies if lipsync latency fields are populated in EDID

Quantum 33 Data, Inc.

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