Professional Documents
Culture Documents
to B
to C to E
to A to B
to A LSP for routerE to B
to D to C
RouterA’s LSPDB
lspB
lspA RouterB’s LSPDB
lspA lspB
lspE RouterE’s LSPDB
lspD lspB
lspC lspA lspE
lspD
lspC
lspE
lspD
lspC
lspA lspB lspB
lspA
lspE lspE
lspD lspD
lspC lspC
RouterC’s LSPDB RouterD’s LSPDB
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Brief Overview of IS-IS
What is IS-IS ?
• Called LSPs
• Contains all info about one router
– adjacencies, connected IP prefixes, OSI endsystems,
area addresses, etc.
• One LSP per router (plus fragments)
• One LSP per LAN network
DIS
DIS
LAN
Pseudonode
21
Hierarchy
L1-Adjacency L2-Adjacency
Router with adjacencies within
the same area.
However, needs to have a L2
database as well since it is a transit
node
Therefore L1L2 adjacency is required
L2-Adjacency
L2-Adjacency
L1L2 L1L2
Adjacency Adjacency
L2-only
L1-L2
L1-only
L1-only
L1-L2
L1-L2
L1-only
This router has to behave as level2
as well in order to guarantee backbone
L1-L2 continuity
L1-only
L2-only
L1-L2
L1-only
L1-L2
L1-L2
L1-L2
L1-only
This router has to behave as level2
as well in order to guarantee backbone
L1-L2 continuity
L1-only
28
NSAPs and Addressing
• SystemID is 6 bytes
• Start numbering 1, 2, 3, 4 …. etc
• Convert your loopback IP address
– 192.31.231.16 -> 192.031.231.016 -> systemID
1920.3123.1016
36
OSI protocol family
Area 2 Area 4
!! NO !!
Rtr C must have a full L2 LSDB
to route between areas 1, 3 and
4. Remember, the backbone
must be contiguous.
Area 2
Area 1
47
Why do we need flooding
• Create new LSP, install in your own LSPDB and mark it for
flooding
• Send the new LSP to all neighbors
• Neigbors flood the LSP further
• If same age:
– Acknowledge the LSP with a PSNP
• If older:
– Acknowledge the LSP with a PSNP
– Send our version of the same LSP
– Wait for PSNP
RouterA
Receives LSP
id=x seqNr=22 RouterB
It’s new. Put it in
the LSPDB
LSP
Now flood it: id=x seqnr=22
Set SRM bit. Received it. Local
Send over p2p. copy has seqNr = 21.
So the received one is
newer. Install it in LSDB.
Received ack PSNP Acknowledge it. Maybe
Clear SRMbit id=x seqnr=22 flood further.
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
The Designated Router
59
L1 advertised into L2
L1 L1L2
2. Level-1 LSP with 3. Level-2 LSP with
IP prefix: 10.1.0.0/16 IP prefix: 10.1.0.0/16
IP prefix:
10.10.0.0/16
L1
2. Level-1 LSP with
IP prefix: 1. Level-1 LSP with
10.10.0.0/16 Attached-bit (used as
L1L2 a default route by all
level-1routers
L1
Routers within an area do not
have any routing information L1
about prefixes originated outside
the area. Default routing (ATTbit
or explicit 0.0.0.0/0) is used to reach
destinations outside the area.
L1L2
0. Level-1 LSP with 0. Level-1 LSP with L1L2
ATT bit set ATT bit set
4. At this point the prefix
L1 10.1.0.0/16 will NOT be inserted
1. Level-1 LSP with L1 in the L1 LSP (no route leaking
IP prefix: 10.1.0.0/16 by default)
2. At this point prefix
10.1.0.0/16 will be
10.1.0.0/16 is
inserted in L2 LSP
64
Command Agenda
• Router sub-commands
–router isis <tag name>
–net <net>
–is-type <L1 L2 L1L2>
–default-information originate <route-map> (only for
L2)
–Hostname-dynamic
• Interface sub-commands
–ip router isis <tag name>
–clns router isis <tag name>
–isis metric <value>
–isis priority <value>
–isis circuit-type <L1 L2 L1L2>
–isis hello-interval <seconds>
–isis hello-multiplier <value>
S0 Rtr-C
Area 49.0002
S1
Rtr-D
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Basic Configuration
L1router
Router-C Router-D
-------------- --------------
S0 Rtr-A
interface Loopback0 interface Loopback0
ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.255 ip address 192.168.2.4 255.255.255.255
! !
interface Serial0 interface Serial1 Area 49.0001
ip address 192.168.111.2 255.255.255.0 ip address 192.168.111.4 255.255.255.0
ip router isis ip router isis S1
isis circuit-type level-1 !
! router isis Rtr-B
interface Serial1 is-type level-1
ip address 192.168.222.2 255.255.255.0
ip router isis
passive-interface Loopback0
net 49.0002.1921.6800.2004.00
S0
isis circuit-type level-2
! L1L2 routers
router isis
passive-interface Loopback0 S1
net 49.0002.1921.6800.2002.00
S0 Rtr-C
Area 49.0002
S1
Rtr-D
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Show clns
L1L2 routers
S0 S1
S1 Rtr-B S0 Rtr-C
Rtr-B#show clns
Global CLNS Information:
2 Interfaces Enabled for CLNS
NET: 49.0001.1921.6800.1001.00
Configuration Timer: 60, Default Holding Timer: 300, Packet Lifetime 64
ERPDU's requested on locally generated packets
Running IS-IS in IP-only mode (CLNS forwarding not allowed)
L1router
S0 Rtr-A
S1
IS-IS Router: <Null Tag> Rtr-B
System Id: 1921.6800.1001.00 IS-Type: level-1-2
S0
Manual area address(es):
49.0001 L1L2 routers
Routing for area address(es): S1
49.0001
Interfaces supported by IS-IS: S0 Rtr-C
Serial1 - IP
Serial0 - IP Area 49.0002
Redistribute:
static (on by default) S1
Distance for L2 CLNS routes: 110 Rtr-D
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
show clns neighbors
L1L2 routers
S0 S1
S1 Rtr-B S0 Rtr-C
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Show clns interface
L1router
S0 S1
S1 Rtr-B S0 Rtr-C
L1router
Rtr-B# show isis lsp-log
S0 Rtr-A
Level 1 LSP log
When Count Interface Triggers Area 49.0001
01:50:44 1 CONFIG
01:50:35 1 Loopback0 IPUP S1
01:50:28 1 Serial0 IPUP Rtr-B
01:50:20 1 Serial1 IPUP
01:50:20 1 Serial1 NEWADJ S0
01:50:18 1 ATTACHFLAG L1L2 routers
01:36:49 1 Loopback0 CONFIG
S1
Level 2 LSP log
When Count Interface Triggers S0 Rtr-C
01:50:46 1 CONFIG
01:50:36 1 Loopback0 IPUP
01:50:30 2 Serial0 NEWADJ IPUP Area 49.0002
01:50:22 1 Serial1 IPUP
01:50:10 1 IPIA S1
01:48:21 1 Serial0 DELADJ Rtr-D
01:48:16 1 Serial0 NEWADJ
01:36:51 1 Loopback0 CONFIG
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Show isis spf-log
L1router
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Show isis spf-log
L1router
S0 Rtr-A
Area 49.0001
S0 Rtr-A
Rtr-B# show clns traffic
CLNS: Time since last clear: never
CLNS & ESIS Output: 669, Input: 4773 Area 49.0001
CLNS Local: 0, Forward: 0 S1
CLNS Discards: Rtr-B
Hdr Syntax: 0, Checksum: 0, Lifetime: 0, Output cngstn: 0
No Route: 0, Discard Route: 0, Dst Unreachable 0, Encaps. Failed: 0 S0
NLP Unknown: 0, Not an IS: 0
CLNS Options: Packets 0, total 0 , bad 0, GQOS 0, cngstn exprncd 0 L1L2 routers
CLNS Segments: Segmented: 0, Failed: 0 S1
CLNS Broadcasts: sent: 0, rcvd: 0
Echos: Rcvd 0 requests, 0 replies Rtr-C
Sent 0 requests, 0 replies S0
ESIS(sent/rcvd): ESHs: 0/0, ISHs: 669/660, RDs: 0/0, QCF: 0/0
ISO-IGRP: Querys (sent/rcvd): 0/0 Updates (sent/rcvd): 0/0 Area 49.0002
ISO-IGRP: Router Hellos: (sent/rcvd): 0/0
ISO-IGRP Syntax Errors: 0 S1
Rtr-D
IS-IS: Time since last clear: never
IS-IS: Level-1 Hellos (sent/rcvd): 282/0
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Show clns traffic
L1router
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Debug isis adj-packets
L1L2 routers
S0 S1
S1 Rtr-B S0 Rtr-C
L1L2 routers
S0 S1
S1 Rtr-B S0 Rtr-C
S1
Rtr-D
L1router
Rick Graziani graziani@cabrillo.edu
Lab Topology
L1L2 L1L2
R2 R3
1
.0 00
L1 L1
49
R4
49.0002 R5
L1
R1