GROUP 3

Heilmi Izzat Hilmi Zakwan

FRESH FRUIT BUNCH

(FFB)
CRUDE
PALM OIL

PALM
KERNEL

FRESH FRUIT BUNCH (FFB)

SHELL

MESOCARP FIBRE

COMPOST

EMPTY BUNCH / SHREDDED EFB

An edible vegetable oil derived from the mesocarp of the fruit of the oil palm

Reddish in color because of a high beta-carotene content

Cooking Purposes, soap, cosmetics skincare products. lubricants, detergents.

Semi-solid at room temperature

Transport to refinery for refining purposes

FRESH FRUIT BUNCH STERILISATION

STRIPPING

DIGESTION

PRESSING

CRUDE OIL NUT & FIBRE

BOILER NUT/FIBRE SEPARATION

VERTICAL CLARIFICATION TANK

NUT SILO

SLUDGE SEPARATOR

OIL PURIFIER

NUT CRACKER EFFLUENT TREATMENT VACUUM DRYER

SHELL
CLAYBATH

KERNEL
KERNEL SILO

TO WATER COURSE

BULK STORAGE TANK

STORE/BUNKER

OPERATION
-To receive, weighing, unloading and conducting FFB grading at the loading ramp. -Graded according to degree of freshness and ripeness, size of the bunch, length of the bunch stalk, percentage of loose fruits and formation of the FFB in accordance with the standards set by MPOB

OBJECTIVE
To determine the FFB quality and prices to be paid to the FFB suppliers.

OPERATION FFB is directly heated by saturated steam in a pressurized vessel. (t = 45 min, P = 40 psi, T = 143 - 145oC)

OBJECTIVE
To loosen fruit-lets from the bunch To inactivate enzymes activity that promote FFA (free fatty acid) To precondition the mesocarp to facilitate oil recovery To prepare / pre-treat the nut for cracking

OPERATION

FFB is fed and lifted in a rotating drum at a certain angle, so it will fall off. In the process, fruit-lets will detach from the bunch.
OBJECTIVE To separate the sterilized bunches fruit-lets from

Thresher

Mulch, fertilizer & fuel

Empty Bunches

OPERATION In the digester, fruitlets will be stirred. It will produce a homogeneous mash to the press. Steam is continuously inject into the digester to maintain the temperature about 95 100oC for approx. 20 min.

OBJECTIVE

To loosen the mesocarp from palm nut. To break the oil cells.

OPERATION The homogeneous fruitlets mash will pass through a press cage. A set of a screw press will press this mash against a pressurized cone at the exit end.

OBJECTIVE

To extract oil from the mesocarps.

palm mash

Adjustable cone for press-cake outlet

knife Cone shaped pressure cage Main worm shaft

cake

Crude oil

 digested fruit conveyed through towards a cone-shaped exit advantage - oil cells that escape the digestion stage are broke open thereby increasing oil production leftover is a compact dried mass comprising nuts and fibres called press cake controls the pressure to ensure a minimum of residue oil in the press cake with an acceptable amount of broken nuts (cracked nut < 5% ; broken kernel < 1%)

Digester

Oil Recovery Plant Kernel Recovery Plant Screw Press

OPERATION Left for about 5 hours in clarification/settling tanks to let denser impurities (sludge) settle at the base.

OBJECTIVE
To separate oil from sludge.

Purifying

CPO

Clarifier Tank Underflow Underflow Sludge Sludge Oil Recovery

OIL SEPARATION TIME IN CLARIFICATION TANK # Minutes vs Separation (%)

20 minutes - 95.9% 40 minutes - 97.6% 60 minutes - 98.3% 120 minutes - 99.3%

Source - Stork, Amsterdam

OPERATION Oil is separated through sludge separator at speed of 5000 rpm. Sludge will sent to effluent treatment and oil will sent back to clarification tank. OBJECTIVE To reclaim remnant oil from sludge.
EFFLUENT TREATMENT

OPERATION Moisture and dirt are separated by the Oil Purifier. OBJECTIVE Oil purification from moisture and dirt.

OIL FROM CLARIFICATION TANK

OPERATION
The oil is dried through vacuum dryer.

OBJECTIVE

To separate moisture from oil.

OPERATION Purified Crude Palm Oil is pumped into the Bulk Storage Tank.

OBJECTIVE

CPO storage before transported to Refinery

being

Thank You