CONTENTS:

Introduction History Definition

Schematic view of laser pyrolysis

Particle Growth Advantages Disadvantages

HISTORY OF PYROLYSIS
Pyrolytic Gasification is by no means new. The principles were first brought forth in 1958 at Bell Laboratories within the United States of America. Thereafter, a number of universities and organizations around the world started R&D programs. The word Pyrolysis meaning, chemical change brought about by heat is widely used, even by incineration technologies, which have tried to escape their roots in oxidation and combustion because of the problems prevalent with both. Gasification is a term being used to describe the chemical reaction and molecular break down, or degradation of materials

DEFINITION
Laser pyrolysis Decomposition or transformation of compound caused by Heat.

Transformation of a substance produced by the action of heat

A platform technology to produce functional nano scale materials for a range of applications

SYNTHESIS APPROACH: LASER PYROLYSIS

LASER PYROLYSIS

PARTICLE GROWTH
The composition, the diameter and the particle growth are directly dependent of the temperature which in turn depends on chosen precursors 1. pressure in the reaction chamber 2. laser power 3. flow rate of the gaseous precursors

IRON OXIDE COMPOSITE

FILAMENTARY IRON OXIDE COVERED IRON NANOPARTICLES, PRODUCED LIKE A SPIDER-WEB INSIDE THE REACTION CHAMBER

IMAGE OF AN IRON NANOPARTICLE SURROUNDED BY A THICK FE3O4 LAYER

IRON/IRON OXIDES MORPHOLOGIES AND PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS

Medium-resolution TEM micrographs exhibiting chain-like agglomeration of iron nanoparticles at two different scales

Particle size distribution of iron nanoparticles obtained by laser synthesis of Fe(CO)5/ C2H4.

ADVANTAGE OF THIS METHOD:

pure products (no contact with surface of the chamber) extremely fine powders (d < 50 nm) small distribution of sizes

continuous synthesis
well defined reaction zone variable reaction conditions (temperature, pressure, ...) homogenous nucleation

control of growing rate and residence time in reaction zone

DISADVANTAGE OF THIS METHOD:

gas (vapour) precursor of the material the use of gas sensitizers (possible shift of reaction routes) often small reaction yield

REFERENCE
1. J. S. Haggerty, Sinterable Powders from Laser-Driven Reactions, in her-induced Chemical Processes, Editor, J.I. Steinfeld, 1981, Plenum Press: New York. 2. Xiang-Xin Bi, B. Ganguly, G. Huffman. E. Huggines. M. Endo, and P. C. Eklund, J. of Material Research, Submitted, 1992. 3. J. T. d. Maleissye. F. Lempereur, and C. Marsal, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Ser., 275: p. 1153. 1972. 4. Y. P. Yampolskii, Y. V. Maximov, N. P. Novikov, and K. P. Lavrovskii, Khim. Vys. Energ., 5. Y. Schwob, Acetylene Black: Manufacture., Properties, and Applications, in Chemsrry and Physics of Carbon, Editor, J. Philip L. Walker and P.A. Thrower, 1979, Marcel Dekker.

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