Teaching Multiplication & Division

Centre for Excellence cluster of schools Combined staff meetings

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Multiplication & Division in the classroom

In groups/pairs discuss
What does teaching Multiplication & Division look like in my classroom?

What do I already know about how students learn to multiply and divide?
Share
NSW Department of Education & Training
NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Counting and grouping

Coordinating

Grouping

Counting

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Terminology
Composite units a set of items are treated spatially (visually) or numerically (abstractly) as a unit

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Thinking groups - not items

4
counting

groups of 3
grouping
3 3 3 3

4 threes
coordinating
NSW Department of Education & Training
NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Background notes
Some students persist with counting by ones and have difficulty in progressing to grouping strategies By focusing on groups, rather than individual items, students learn to treat the groups as composite units.

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key concepts in Multiplication and Division

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Teaching Key concepts

In our Explicit teaching part of the lesson how do we ensure deep understanding of the concept?

How do we teach concepts?

What are the key ideas?
NSW Department of Education & Training
NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key concepts
What are the key concepts in multiplication & division? Repeated addition Commutative property Associative property Inverse relationship mult/division

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key concepts Repeated addition

Repeated addition - Multiplication is a fast way of adding a series of numbers 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 (Division repeated subtraction)

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key concepts Repeated addition

Concrete Visual

Abstract

3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 x 4 groups of 3 = 12

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key concepts Commutative Property

Commutative Property of Multiplication - it doesnt matter which number is first.
3 x 4 = 12 4 x 3 = 12

3x4=4x3

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key Commutative Property Key concepts concepts Repeated addition

Concrete Visual

Abstract -

3x4=4x3
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NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way

Key concepts Distributive Property

Distributive Property
2 x 14 = 2 x (10 + 4) = (2 x 10) + (2 x 4) = 20 + 8 = 28

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key concepts Distributive Property

Concrete Visual

Abstract 12 x 2 = 24
NSW Department of Education & Training
NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

12 2x

Key concepts Distributive Property

Splitting the product into known parts. 8x7= 7 x 7 = 49 8 x 7 = 49 + 7 8 x 7 = 56

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key concepts Inverse relationships

3 x 4 = 12

12 3 = 4

Division start with the total items.

NSW Department of Education & Training
NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Key concepts
Repeated addition Commutative property Distributive property Inverse relationship mult/division

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Deep Understanding
Students who understand how to coordinate composite units are able to make efficient use of known facts
What is the answer to 8 x 4? 8 x 4 is the same as 4 x 8 If 5 x 8 = 40 Then 4 x 8 must equal 32 What is the answer to 9 x 3? Double 9 is 18, 18 + 2 is 20 20 + 7 is 27

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

19

Concrete /Manipulatives
Counters Base 10 material Pencils Blocks Egg cartons

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Visuals
Arrays Numberline 100 chart

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Visuals - Arrays
Classroom tools arrays

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Learning Object The Array

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NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Learning object - Arrays: factor families

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NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Counting-On website

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au

Count Me In Too website

NSW Department of Education & Training

NSW Public Schools Leading the Way www.det.nsw.edu.au