BUDGETING THE EDUCATIONAL PLAN

Definition and Functions

Camelle N. Medina Reporter

I. BUDGETING

Is the translation of programs, projects and activities into their resource requirements which are expressed in monetary financial terms.

WHAT IS A BUDGET?
A

Plan A Limit A Schedule A Reality Check An Allocation

BUDGET A DEFINITION
A planned expression of money
Wright.D 1994 A practical foundation in costing Routledge For a defined activity
Shows;
Income

& Expenditure Total estimated costs Defined period of time

ANOTHER DEFINITION
A budget process is a system of rules governing the decision-making that leads to a budget, from its formulation, through its legislative approval, to its execution.
Karl-Martin, Ehrhart, Roy Gardner, Jrgen von Hagen, and Claudia Keser Budget Processes: Theory and Experimental Evidence, November 2000

WHY USE A BUDGET?

Stay

within a limit Control Forecasting Delegate Prioritise Wants, Organise Needs, Within the realm of what we Can

II. NATIONAL BUDGET PROCESS

A. Budget Preparation

1. In the preparation of the budget, each

department or agency of the govt. is given a ceiling or budget level. The DBCC estimates the anticipated revenues and determines the budget level.
B. Budget Authorization

Congress discusses the budget with focus on policy, budget levels, thrust and strategy.

STEPS ON BUDGETING PROCESS

Identification of programs, projects and activities to be implemented during the budget period. 2. Identification of resources. 3. Costing of resources which would translate the resource requirements into their monetary values. 4. Preparation of the budget in accordance with the mandated form and content spelled out in guidelines issued for this purpose. 5. Securing official authorization to allocate and use resources.

1.

C. Budget Execution it is the major phase of the budget process. Authorized appropriations can only be available after complying with establish guidelines.

D. Budget Accountability
The concept of accountability in budgeting gives emphasis to the results of expenditures allocated and incurred. It refers to the evaluation of the quantitative and qualitative measures of an agency performance as reflected in the units of work measurement and other indicators of agency performance.

PROBLEMS WITH BUDGETING

The

process is too long There is a lot of game playing Business decisions change but the budget does not People in charge of budget are held accountable in areas where they have no responsibility

MAJOR TYPES OF BUDGETING

1.

Line Item Budgeting this is used to be most widely used budgeting system. This system is not goal- oriented,.
2. Performance

Budgeting is a management- oriented system of budgeting which measures actual or estimated results in terms of befits accruing to the public and their unit costs.

According to Bacani

III. BUDGETTING FOR THE EDUCATION SECTOR

A.

Peculiarities of the Education Budget

1. A sizeable portion of the education budget is already

predetermined by fixed expenditure commitments.

2. Considerable pressure is exerted on the education

budget by inflation and enrollment growth.

3. The Constitutional mandate for free public

elementary and secondary education dictates that government should aim to provide schooling for the population in these school age groups.

4. The law on assistance to private education further

exerts additional pressure on the education budget.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD BUDGET

A school budget should be well researched and realistically coasted, with clear links to the school development plan. The budget must be prepared in a timely manner and needs to identify costs required for the operational and educational running of a school over a 12 months period as well as providing reserves for the replacement of assets and resources. It is the schools responsibility to ensure that all staff have recent training and professional development in financial management.

Thank you GODBLESS & MULTIPLY!!!