Name:

MOHAMAD ADIB BIN RAHMAT MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN AZMAN SIVARAJ A/L RAVICHANDRAN 2 CEMERLANG

Class:

Teacher: PN. JUNAIDAH BT. HASSAN

Science~Biodiversity

Classification of Plants
Plants too can be classified according to their common characteristics. Common characteristics of plants include propagation method, habitat and physical features. Classification of plants by common characteristics: Characteristics of plant Grow in water Grow on land Woody stem Shrub Flowering Non-Flowering Have seeds Have spores Net-Veined leaves Parallel-Veined leaves Examples
Water lettuce, lemna, water lily, algae Banana tree, durian tree, angsana tree, orchid, maize Casuarinas tree, pine tree, angsana tree, rambutan tree. Crotons, rose, orchid, chilly, screw-pine. Maize, grass, wild grass, sunflower Fern, moss, algae Papaya, orchid, maize, watermelon, hibiscus Fern, moss Hibiscus tree, yam, sweet potato, African violet, rose Wild grass, sugar cane, maize, paddy

Science~Biodiversity

Plant Kingdom
Different scientists classify plants by different characteristics. Plants can also be grouped by the presence or absence of seeds as follows:
Plants With seeds Flowering Non-Flowering (Conifers) Dicotyledons Without seeds (ferns, mosses, algae)

Monocotyledons

Plants can also be divided into flowering and non-flowering plants.

Flowering Plants
Flowering plants are plants that can produce flowers. Flowers are reproductive organs of flowering plants. Flowering plants can be divided into groups, the monocotyledons and the dicotyledons, depending on the number of cotyledons in the seeds. Cotyledons is the main seed leaf for the germination of new seedlings. Cotyledons contains starch as food for the seeds that are unable to make their own food.

Science~Biodiversity

Monocotyledons

Dicotyledons

One Cotyledon

Two Cotyledons

A maize grain cut in half

A green bean (split into two)

Example: Maize

Example: Balsam plant

Characteristics:
Seed has one cotyledon fibrous root system, which consists of many roots of equal size. Leaves have parallel veins. Stem is non-woody and soft. Examples: wild grass, orchid plant, maize, sugar cane, palm trees, paddy.

Characteristics:
Seed has two cotyledons Tap root system, which consists of small roots that branch out of one main root. Leaves have net veins Stem is woody and hard. Examples: rose tree, bougainvillea, angsana tree, balsam plant, guava tree.

Science~Biodiversity

Non-Flowering Plants
Non-flowering plants are plants that do not produce flowers. Non-flowers plants need to reproduce by other means, for example, through spores Non-flowering plants can be divided into four groups, namely algae, mosses, conifers, and ferns.

Benefits of Biodiversity
Source of food Source of materials Source of medicine Clean water Air to breathe

Human Activities That Cause Animals & Plants Become Endangered

African elephants are hunted for their ivory tusks to make jewellery and ornaments. Sharks are killed for their fins to make special delicacies. Seabirds have been killed by oil spills. Gorillas are killed and served as food. Their palms are used to make ashtrays.

Ways to Protect Endangered Wildlife

Setting up natural reserves. Enforcing legislation: banning hunting, collecting or trading of these wildlife. Protecting their habitats. Breeding them in zoos to increase their number . Increase awareness regarding the importance of biodiversity to the environment through education and campaigns. Science~Biodiversity 5