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RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS
Chest pain
QUESTIONS TO ASK SITE NATURE OR QUALITY INTENSITY RADIATION DURATION ONSET RELIEVING AND AGGRAVATING FACTORS ASSOCIATED MANIFESTATIONS
CAUSES
PULMONARY
GI
REFLUX ESOPHAGITIS DIFFUSE ESOPHAGEAL SPASM OTHER CAUSES CHEST WALL PAIN ANXIETY
DYSPNEA
QUESTIONS
ONSET sudden or gradual Occurs on rest or exertion Interefere with daily activities Has dysnea altered the life style of patient Timing and setting of dysnea Associated symptoms Relieving and aggravating factors
CAUSES
LVF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS COPD ASTHMA ILD PNEUMONIA PNEUMOTHORAX ACUTE PE ANXIETY
COUGH
REFLEX RESPONSE TO STIMULI THAT IRRITATES RECEPTORS IN LARYNX ,TRACHEA, AND LARGE BRONCHI
QUESTIONS
SINCE WHEN ONSET OCCURS AT WHAT TIME OF DAY INTENSITY AGGRAVATING OR RELIEVING FACTORS DRY OR PRODUCTIVE
SPUTUM
HEMOPTYSIS
QUESTIONS
SINCE WHEN? PRECEDED WITH COUGH ? QUANTIFY COLOUR OF BLOOD FRESH OR ALTERED SETTING AND ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED SYMTOMS
CAUSES
LARYNGITIS TRACHEOBRONCHITIS PNEUMONIA POST NASAL DRIP CHRONIC BRONCHITIS BRONCHIECTASIS TB LUNG ABCESS
CONT..
DEFORMITIES
RESPIRATORY RATE
14 TO 20 BREATHS PER MINUTE THORACO ABDOMINAL IN FEMALES ABDOMEN PROTRUDES OUT DURING INSPIRATION ABDOMENOTHORACIC IN MALES
TACTILE FREMITUS
WHEN SOUND WAVES TRAVEL THRU BRONCHOPULMONARY TREE THERE IS PALPABLE VIBRATIONS TRNSMITTED THRU CHEST WALL
HOW TO CHECK?
PLACE ULNAR BORDER OF YOUR HAND ON THE CHEST WHILE ASKING PT TO SPEAK NINTYNINE. COMP;ARE BOTH SIDES ANTERIORLY AND POSTERIORLY.
WHEN TRANSMISSION OF VIBRATION FROM LARYNX TO THE SURFACE OF THE CHEST IS IMPEDED. OBSTRUCTED BRONCHUS COPD PLEURAL EFFUSION PLEURAL THICKENING PNEUMOTHORAX INFILTRATING TUMOUR
CHEST EXPANSION
5 TO 7 CM CAUSES OF UNILATERAL REDUCED CHEST EXPANSION FIBROSIS EFFUSION PNEUMONIA BRONCHIAL OBSTRUCTION
PERCUSSION
SETS THE CHEST WALL AND UNDERLYING TISSUR IONTO MOTION PRODUCING AUDIBLE SOND AND PALPABLE VIBRATION PENETRATES ONLY 5 TO 7 CM INTO THE CHEST
PERCUSSION NOTES
CAUSES
DULLNESS LOBAR PNEUMONIA STONY DULL ,PLEURAL EFFUSION ,HEMOTHORAX,EMPYEMA. HYPER RESONANCE , PNEUMOTHORAX AIR CONTAINING BULLA TYPANITIC GASTRIC AIR BUBBLE
DIAPHRAGMATIC EXCURSION
DESCENT OF DIAPHRAGM CHECKED THRU PERCUSSION NORMALLY WITH FULL INSPIRATION 5 TO 6 CM.
AUSCULTATION
VESICULAR BRONCHO VESICULAR BRONCHIAL AS IN PNEUMONIA,COLLASE WITH PATENT BRONCHUS,CAVITATION UPPER PART OF PLEURAL EFFUSION.
ADDED SOUNDS
CRACKLES
WHEN DEFLATED SMALL AIRWAYS OPEN UP DURING INSPIRATION. ILD,CCF. AIR BUBBLES FLOWING THRU SECRETIONSCHRONIC BRONCHITIS.
WHEEZES
WHEN AIRFLOW THRU NARROIWED BRONCHI WHISTLING SOUNDS PRODUCED. ASTHMA, COPD,CCF. LOALISED WHEEZE SIGNIFIES PARTIOAL OBSTRUCTION OF BRONCHUS BY TUMOUR OR FOREIGN BODY
STRIDOR
PLEURAL RUB
TRNSMITTED SOUNDS.
BRONCHOPHONY LODER AND CLEARER VOICE SOUNDS EGOPHONY QUALITY OF SOUNDS TURNED TP NASAL EE TO AY WHISPERED PECTORILOQUY LODER CLEARE WHISPERED SOUNDS. ALL ABOVE ARE FOUND IN CONSOLIDATION
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