Workshop Practice Manual-3

Department of Mechanical Engineering Galgotias University Greater Noida, UP

Contents

Equipments and Tools for welding

Equipments and Tools

Protective equipments
Exhaust fan: For maintaining good ventilation in the welding booth or chamber an exhaust fan must be installed. The booth is always full of fumes from flux coating Eye Shield: To protect the eyes from the UV and IR rays, an eye shield is essential for a welder. The shield is made of fiber and contains dark colored glasses for looking at the arc joint. In case of gas welding, goggles are used to protect from high intensity light and heat rays, which are harmful to naked eyes Hand gloves: hand gloves are made of leathers and must be put on to protect hands from intense heat of the arc. In this way the hand gloves enables to hold the eyes shield in one hand the electrode holder in other hand Apron: A leather apron must be worn while welding to protect from splatter.

Equipments and Tools

Operating equipments
Oxygen cylinder: Cylinder is made up of steel in capacity range 2.25 to 6.3 mm3. The cylinders filled with oxygen at about 150 kg/cm3 at 210C. A safety valve is also provided on it. The cylinder can be opened or closed by a wheel which operates a valve. A protector cap is provided on the top of a cylinder to safeguard the valve. The color of cylinder is black Acetylene cylinder: Acetylene cylinder is also made up of steel. Gas is filled at a pressure of 18-20 kg/cm3. The capacity of the cylinder is about 10 m3. Regulator valve and safety valve are mounted on cylinder. Safety plugs are also provided on the bottom of the cylinder, the acetylene is dissolved in acetone. The color of cylinder is red or maroon Regulator: regulator is used to control the flow of gasses from high pressure cylinder.

Equipments and Tools

The torch: Torch is a device used to mix acetylene and oxygen in the correct proportion and the mixture flows to the tip of the torch. There are two types of torches
Low pressure or injector torches Medium pressure or equal pressure torches

Work bench: It provides good support to the work being welded. It is essentially fabricated from steel section with top prepared from fire clay bricks. It also forms one of the electrodes during welding Cables: A thickly insulated and flexible cable is always preferred. One cable is needed for metal electrode and the other is used for grounding Electrode holder: It is clamping device for holding electrode and the holder is used for firmly holding the electrode which is done with the aid of a firm holding device and a quick releasing device for the electrode. It has provisions for holding electrodes of different sizes.

Equipments and Tools

Electrodes: The electrodes are two types Coated electrodes Bare electrodes Coated electrodes are generally applied in arc welding processes. A metallic core is coated with some suitable material. The material used for core is mild steel, nickel steel, chromium molybdenum steel, etc. One end of the coated core is kept bare for holding. Bare electrodes produce the welding of poor quality. These are cheaper than coated electrodes. These are generally used in modern welding process like MIG welding.

Miscellaneous equipments
Chipping hammer Wire brush Light ball pin hammer Pair of tongs Pliers Flexible scale

Equipments and Tools

Thank You