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Starter
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/pe/appliedanato my/respiratory/1_anatomy_respiratorysys_act.shtml
Aims:
Objectives: by the end of the lesson learners will be able: Outline the structure of the respiratory system Describe the process of external respiration Explain the mechanics of breathing at rest & the respiratory muscles involved
lungs to body to fuel muscular contraction As well as removing CO2 & lactic acid from blood via lungs Working with CV system to ensure demand for O2 is satisfied Average adult inhales & exhale approximately 12-15 breaths per minute External respiration involves movement of gases in & out of lungs Exchange of gases = PULMONARY DIFFUSION
COMPLETE ACTIVITY 1: 5 minutes
Complete Activity 2
Explain how air passes through respiratory system from nasal passages/mouth to alveoli (previous slide) 10 minutes
Stage 2: Oral Pharynx & Larynx Throat shared by respiratory & alimentary (digestive) tracts. Air goes past larynx (voice box) into trachea (windpipe). When we swallow epiglottis closes over trachea Stage 3: Trachea: c.10cm long made of 18 C shaped cartilage rings, also lined with mucous membrane & ciliated cells (dust/dirt protection). Directs air into L/R bronchi Stage 4: Bronchi/bronchioles: subdivisions of trachea into lobar bronchi (3 feed each lobe on L & R). Further subdivide into bronchioles & again into terminal/ respiratory bronchioles Stage 5: Alveoli:
Responsible for gaseous exchange between lungs & blood Alveolar walls v thin & lined with film of water to allow O2 to dissolve Each alveolus (sing.) surrounded by capillary network smooth passage of O2 into pulmonary capillaries Each lung has c. 150m alveoli = v big area to exchange gases
Activity 3 Answers
Breathing in... Breathing out...
Diaphragm contracts
Diaphragm relaxes
Chest expands
Air is drawn in
Pressure Changes during Inspiration (a) Prior to inspiration, the intrapulmonary pressure is 760 mmHg (b) The intrapulmonary pressure decreases to about 757 mm Hg as the thoracic cavity enlarges, and atmospheric pressure forces air into the airways
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID, PECTORALIS MINOR & SCALENI muscles increase thoracic cavity even more Expiration: process becomes more active as INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES pull ribs down to increase ventilation rate (assisted by abdominals & latissimus dorsi)
Nitrogen
79%
79%
Acute effects:
Chronic effects:
Recap Activity
Mind Map
Homework
Next Lesson
Describe the changes in mechanics of breathing during
physical activity Explain how the respiratory control centre regulates the mechanics of breathing at rest and during exercise Outline the processes of gaseous exchange that takes place between the alveoli and blood, and between the blood and tissue cells. Explain the changes in gaseous exchange that take place between the alveoli and blood, and between the blood and tissues cells during physical activity